Description: The Impact of Expanding Access to Early Childhood Services in Rural Indonesia : Evidence from Two Cohorts of Children

The Impact of Expanding Access to Early Childhood Services in Rural Indonesia : Evidence from Two Cohorts of Children

This paper uses three waves of longitudinal data to examine the impact of expanding access to preschool services in rural areas of Indonesia on two cohorts of children. One cohort was children aged 4 at the start of the project and was immediately...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Brinkman, Sally Anne, Hasan, Amer, Jung, Haeil, Kinnell, Angela, Pradhan, Menno
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2015
Subjects:	SKILLS COMMUNITIES CAREGIVERS RISKS VILLAGES SCHOOL READINESS PEOPLE TEACHERS SCHOOLING PSYCHOLOGY EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT ENROLLMENT ACTIVITIES BIAS GROUPS PEDIATRICS SERVICES COGNITIVE ACHIEVEMENT EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE HEALTH ACCESS TO PRESCHOOL PROJECTS PROJECT NEIGHBORHOODS CARE CENTERS LANGUAGE PUBLIC HEALTH DAY CARE WORK EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT EARLY CHILDHOOD INTERVENTIONS CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING TEACHER TRAINING PARTNERSHIPS PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT INTERVENTION ABILITY PUBLIC SAFETY CHILD DEVELOPMENT PRESCHOOL ENROLLMENT INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS NEEDS PRESCHOOLERS LEARNING PRIMARY SCHOOL REASONING TEACHING COGNITIVE OUTCOMES GROSS ENROLLMENT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT INTERVIEW MENTAL HEALTH DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY KINDERGARTEN ENROLMENT RATES DESIGN PRIMARY SCHOOLS READING GROSS ENROLLMENT RATES EARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENT KINDERGARTENS STUDY RURAL COMMUNITIES ENROLLMENT RATES WAGES SCIENCE AGED VALUES SCHOOLS DESCRIPTION PARTICIPATION AGE GENDER EDUCATION SERVICES CLASSROOM SETTING CHILDHOOD COMPETENCE HEALTH OUTCOMES HYPERACTIVITY PARENTING ENROLLMENT RATE HOUSEHOLD FAMILY PLANNING EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION EFFORT SOCIAL SCIENCE EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATIONAL SERVICES MEASUREMENT NUTRITION PRIMARY CAREGIVERS EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES RISK FACTORS RETURN TO EDUCATION WEIGHT CHILDHOOD CARE COGNITIVE SKILLS OBESITY UNDERSTANDING PRIMARY SCHOOL PARTICIPATION CHILDREN EDUCATION VILLAGE LEVEL EARLY INTERVENTION EARLY INTERVENTIONS INVESTMENT HOUSEHOLDS EQUALITY RURAL AREAS COMMUNITY SERVICES EXPERIENCE INFANTS PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT INTERACTIONS COMMUNICATION INTERVENTIONS NET ENROLLMENT COMMUNITY STRATEGY SOCIAL PROBLEMS EPIDEMIOLOGY FEES FAMILIES WOMEN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS CLASSROOM SAFETY HEALTH SERVICES IMPLEMENTATION SERVICE DISTRICTS PARTICIPATION RATES LEARNING ACTIVITIES RETURNS TO EDUCATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/07/24808116/impact-expanding-access-early-childhood-services-rural-indonesia-evidence-two-cohorts-children http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22456

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Summary:	This paper uses three waves of longitudinal data to examine the impact of expanding access to preschool services in rural areas of Indonesia on two cohorts of children. One cohort was children aged 4 at the start of the project and was immediately eligible for project-provided services when they began operation in 2009. The other cohort was children aged 1 at the start of the project and became eligible for project-provided services two years later. The paper presents intent-to-treat estimates of impact in the short term (first year of the project) and medium term (three years after the project started), using experimental and quasi-experimental methods. For the cohort of 4-year-olds, while the magnitude of the enrollment impact is similar across children from different backgrounds, the impact on child outcomes is larger for children from more disadvantaged backgrounds in the short and medium terms. However, for this cohort of children, it seems that project-provided playgroups encouraged substitution away from existing kindergartens, suggesting that future interventions should incorporate such possibilities into their design. For the average child in the younger cohort, the project led to improvements in physical health and well-being as well as language and cognitive development. For this cohort, there is little evidence of differential impact. This can be explained by the fact that children who enrolled soon after the centers opened (the older cohort) were generally poorer, compared with children who enrolled later (the younger cohort). This may be because of fee increases in project centers as project funding ended.

The Impact of Expanding Access to Early Childhood Services in Rural Indonesia : Evidence from Two Cohorts of Children

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