Expanding and Improving Upper Primary Education in India
This report considers the current status of upper primary school education in India. It looks at future impacts and recognizes the national level focus on elementary education. The importance of specific contexts in defining how states fulfill thei...
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| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
Washington, DC
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/05/1121255/india-expanding-improving-upper-primary-education http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15668 |
| Summary: | This report considers the current status
of upper primary school education in India. It looks at
future impacts and recognizes the national level focus on
elementary education. The importance of specific contexts in
defining how states fulfill their constitutional
responsibilities in upper primary education are studied. The
report is based upon two studies whose findings include:
length, structure & organization vary across and within
states; the transition rate between primary and upper
primary is high; transition rates and enrollment are lower
for girls; school place is provided for current, but not
future, demand; private unaided school enrollment is
increasing; state qualification policies for teachers are
not always relevant to instruction needs; in-service teacher
training is very limited; discontinuity exists for curricula
and subject weight between primary and upper primary
schools; information overloads exist in syllabi, textbooks,
and classroom processes; upper primary grades are cheaper
when combined within an elementary school; a constitutional
requirement for decentralized educational management exists;
and expenditures need to increase before universalization of
elementary education. Specific recommendations are given.
Expansion and improvement of upper primary schooling, as
endorsed by the Supreme Court of the Constitution's
reference to the provision of education up to 14 years of
age, will require both resources and reform. |
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