Sustainable Lowland Agriculture Development in Indonesia
For Indonesia's agricultural sector to continue to make a significant sustainable social and economic contribution, it will need to undergo a transformation. While the contribution of Indonesia's agriculture sector to national gross domes...
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| Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2021
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/undefined/696741630473277028/Sustainable-Lowland-Agriculture-Development-in-Indonesia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/36223 |
| Summary: | For Indonesia's agricultural sector
to continue to make a significant sustainable social and
economic contribution, it will need to undergo a
transformation. While the contribution of Indonesia's
agriculture sector to national gross domestic product (13
percent) has declined greatly over the past three decades,
it is still significant, ranking in third place in 2019
after the oil and gas processing sector (20 percent) and the
non-oil and gas processing sector (18 percent). To ensure
continued contribution of this sector, the Indonesian
government has implemented a number of strategies and
measures, including REDD+,1 low carbon development,
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) action plans, and green
growth strategies. However, despite these efforts,
performance in terms of environmental sustainability
indicators and contributions to smallholders'
livelihoods, particularly in lowland areas, is still
suboptimal. Indonesia's lowland areas, in particular,
have significant potential to contribute to increased
agricultural production, especially in the case of rice, but
also for a range of other food and non-food commodities.
Indonesia's lowlands cover about 20 percent of
Indonesia's total area of which about half are
peatlands. Most of this area is found on Indonesia's
three largest islands (Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Papua)
amounting to 33.7 million hectares, or about 25 percent of
the total land area of these islands (World Bank 2018).
Indonesia has the largest area of tropical peatlands of any
nation, of which more than 90 percent are distributed in the
lowland areas of these three islands. However, lowlands are
also of great importance for biodiversity, including
mangroves, peat swamp forest and freshwater swamp forest
with their specific flora and fauna. Despite the
significance of lowland agriculture for the achievement of
higher levels of national economic growth and environmental
sustainability and for improving rural livelihoods in
Indonesia, lowland agriculture must overcome several
challenges if it is to realize its full potential. |
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