The Scars of Civil War : The Long-Term Welfare Effects of the Salvadoran Armed Conflict
This paper estimates the long-term effects on human capital accumulation and subsequent labor market outcomes of in utero and early childhood exposure to the civil war in El Salvador (1980-92), the second longest and deadliest civil conflict in Cen...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2020
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/601951602080989218/The-Scars-of-Civil-War-The-Long-Term-Welfare-Effects-of-the-Salvadoran-Armed-Conflict http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34601 |
| Summary: | This paper estimates the long-term
effects on human capital accumulation and subsequent labor
market outcomes of in utero and early childhood exposure to
the civil war in El Salvador (1980-92), the second longest
and deadliest civil conflict in Central America.
Identification is obtained from spatial and intertemporal
variation in the intensity of the conflict drawn from
historical archive data comprising records of human
casualties, disappearances, and refugees. The results show
that people born in highly violent areas during the civil
war saw a reduction in their probability of being employed
by 6 percentage points, and of getting a high-skilled job by
5 percentage points, 20 to 30 years after it happened. The
civil war also reduced their education by 0.8 year, as well
as their enrollment and literacy rates. Subgroup analysis
indicates that exposed males and indigenous groups
experienced the largest losses in human capital and had
weaker performance in the labor market. |
|---|