Description: Sustaining Trade Reform : Institutional Lessons from Argentina and Peru

Sustaining Trade Reform : Institutional Lessons from Argentina and Peru

Trade reform in Latin America in the 1980s and 1990s was in significant part a reform of policy-making institutions. The institutions that existed when the reforms began had been created in response to particular protectionist pressures at particul...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Baracat, Elias A., Finger, J. Michael, Thorne, Raúl León, Nogués, Julio J.
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank 2013
Subjects:	ABOLITION OF TARIFFS AD VALOREM AGRICULTURAL TRADE ANTIDUMPING AUTONOMY AVERAGE TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BALANCE OF TRADE BENCHMARK BILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS BILATERAL TRADE BILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS BOUNDED RATIONALITY CAPITAL FLOWS CAPITAL GOODS CAPITAL PER WORKER COMMERCIAL POLICY COMMON MARKET COMPETITION PRINCIPLES COMPETITIVENESS COMPETITIVENESS OF GOODS CONSUMER INTERESTS CONSUMER SATISFACTION CONSUMERS CONTROLLED PRICES COUNTERVAILING MEASURES CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE CUSTOMS DEBT DECISION MAKING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DUMPING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ADMINISTRATION ECONOMIC AGREEMENTS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC RESOURCES ECONOMIC THEORY ECONOMIC WELFARE ECONOMICS ECONOMICS LITERATURE ELIMINATION OF TARIFFS EQUILIBRIUM EUROPEAN UNION EXPORT EARNINGS EXPORT TAX EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL DEBT EXTREME POVERTY FISCAL POLICY FOREIGN CURRENCY FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN MARKETS FOREIGN TRADE FREE COMPETITION FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS FREE TRADE AREA GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL TRADE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH RATE HUMAN BEHAVIOR IMMUNITIES IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT LICENSING IMPORT RESTRICTION IMPORT RESTRICTIONS IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IMPORTED GOODS IMPORTS INCOME INEFFICIENCY INFLATION INFLATION RATE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIATIONS INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS INTERNATIONAL PRICES INTERNATIONAL RULES INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INTRINSIC VALUE MACRO-ECONOMIC POLICIES MARKET PRICES MERCANTILISM MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS OPEN TRADE OPEN TRADE REGIME OPENNESS POLICY DECISIONS POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL SYSTEMS PROCESS OF LIBERALIZATION PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES PRODUCTIVITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTIONIST PROTECTIONIST PRESSURES PUBLIC POLICY QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS REAL EXCHANGE RATE RECIPROCAL CONCESSIONS RESERVE RESOURCE ALLOCATION ROUND AGREEMENTS SURCHARGES TARIFF BINDINGS TARIFF DISPERSION TARIFF EXEMPTIONS TARIFF LINES TARIFF POLICY TARIFF RATES TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REFORM TARIFF STRUCTURE TAX RATES TAXATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS TERMS OF TRADE TEXTILE INDUSTRY TOURISM TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE ALERT TRADE BALANCE TRADE BLOC TRADE CONTROL MEASURES TRADE FLOWS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE OPENNESS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REFORM TRADE POLICY REFORMS TRADE PREFERENCE TRADE REFORM TRADE REMEDIES TRADE REMEDY TRADE RESTRICTION TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRADE STRATEGY TRADING SYSTEM TRANSPARENT PROCESSES UNILATERAL LIBERALIZATION URUGUAY ROUND WAGES WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/18042652/sustaining-trade-reform-institutional-lessons-argentina-peru http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15794

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Summary:	Trade reform in Latin America in the 1980s and 1990s was in significant part a reform of policy-making institutions. The institutions that existed when the reforms began had been created in response to particular protectionist pressures at particular times, and afterward they were controlled by the interests on whose behalf they had been created. This book was prompted by preliminary evidence suggesting that the reforms have been better sustained in Peru than in Argentina. Peru has continued its liberalization whereas Argentina has imposed a number of new trade restrictions. Moreover, decisions on many of Argentina's restrictions have not gone through the new mechanisms. The objective of this book is to draw lessons from Peruvian and Argentine experience that will be useful to governments that want to maintain an open trade regime. From a positive perspective, the authors want to identify what the Peruvian government has done that has kept its liberalization moving forward. The Peru study focuses on how reform leaders in that country have reinforced the evolution of a new management culture and how they have disseminated widely in Peruvian society a positive vision of Peru in the international economy.

Sustaining Trade Reform : Institutional Lessons from Argentina and Peru

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