Description: Equity in Public Services in Tanzania and Uganda

Equity in Public Services in Tanzania and Uganda

The context of this note is the concern in both Uganda and Tanzania that the distribution of public servants in both countries has been uneven, leading to inequity in the delivery of public services, with lower quality services linked to persistent...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	ABSENTEEISM ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCOUNTABILITY ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK ADMINISTRATION COSTS ALLOCATION ALLOCATION OF FUNDS ARTICLE AUDIT OFFICE AUDITOR GENERAL BASIC EDUCATION BUDGET ALLOCATION BUDGET RESOURCES BUDGET YEAR CAPACITY BUILDING CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CITIZENS CIVIL SERVANTS CIVIL SERVICE CIVIL SERVICE REFORM CLASSROOMS CLINICS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY HEALTH COMPLETION RATES DATA COLLECTION DECISION MAKING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS DISCRETIONARY ALLOCATIONS DISCRETIONARY ALLOWANCES DISTRICTS DRUGS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATION SPENDING EDUCATION SYSTEMS EFFECTIVENESS OF SERVICE DELIVERY ENROLMENT RATE EPIDEMIC EQUALITY EQUITY ISSUES EXAM EXAMS FEMALE FEMALE TEACHERS FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL RESOURCES FISCAL CONSTRAINTS FISCAL POLICY FOOD SUPPLIES GENERAL BUDGET SUPPORT GLOBAL HEALTH GROSS ENROLMENT HEAD TEACHER HEAD TEACHERS HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH CENTRE HEALTH CENTRES HEALTH EDUCATION HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH MANAGEMENT HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SPENDING HEALTH WORKERS HIV HOSPITAL HOSPITALS HOUSING HOUSING CENSUS HOUSING FOR TEACHERS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IMMUNODEFICIENCY INEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION INEQUITIES INTERVENTION INTERVENTIONS IRON LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LIMITED RESOURCES LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL COMMUNITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS MARKET MECHANISMS MATERNITY LEAVE MIDWIVES MINISTRY OF FINANCE MINISTRY OF HEALTH MOBILITY MOBILITY OF PEOPLE MONITOR PERFORMANCE MUNICIPALITIES NATIONAL AUDIT NATIONAL LEVEL NET INTAKE NET INTAKE RATES NUMBER OF CHILDREN NURSES NURSING OUTCOME DATA OUTCOME INDICATORS PANDEMIC PATIENT PATIENTS PERFORMANCE ACCOUNTABILITY PERFORMANCE AUDIT PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PERSISTENT POVERTY PERSONNEL EMOLUMENTS PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT PHARMACISTS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PRIMARY EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT PRIMARY EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS PRIMARY SCHOOLS PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW PUBLIC EXPENDITURE TRACKING PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICE MANAGEMENT PUBLIC SERVICES PUPIL ATTENDANCE PUPIL TEACHER RATIO PUPIL TEACHER RATIOS PUSH FACTORS QUALITY EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUALITY OF SERVICES QUALITY SERVICES REFORM STRATEGY REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESOURCES FOR EDUCATION RESPECT RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL SCHOOLS SAFE WATER SANITATION SCHOOL TEACHERS SCHOOL VISITS SCHOOLING SCHOOLING QUALITY SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SECTOR MINISTRIES SECTOR MINISTRY SECTOR POLICIES SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE DELIVERY FUNCTIONS SERVICE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE PROVISION SERVICE QUALITY SERVICE UTILIZATION SOCIAL RESEARCH SOCIAL SECTORS SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPOUSE TEACHER ABSENTEEISM TEACHERS TEACHING TERTIARY EDUCATION TETANUS TOLERANCE TOWNS TRAINING INSTITUTES TRANSPORTATION UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION UPE URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS VACCINATION VICIOUS CYCLE WAR WHOOPING COUGH WORKERS WORKFORCE
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/04/17068854/equity-public-services-tanzania-uganda http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12213

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Summary:	The context of this note is the concern in both Uganda and Tanzania that the distribution of public servants in both countries has been uneven, leading to inequity in the delivery of public services, with lower quality services linked to persistent poverty in certain underserved or hard-to-reach and stay (HTRS) areas. The note looks in detail at the nature of the problem as it affects education and health services, assesses measures already in place to tackle inequity, and makes recommendations to address the problem in the immediate as well as the long-term. In focus in this note are those areas that suffer from having far below average numbers of public servants, and consequently far below average public services. In Tanzania such areas are more commonly referred to as under-served and again additional resources have been allocated to them. Governments have so far responded with relatively conventional measures, such as financial incentives for staff and improved living conditions. While both of these are important, the scope and depth of the issue requires a more radical approach. A range of ideas is offered for each country, and these are then presented in a matrix. Three priorities needs emerge for both countries: 1) to consider demand as well as supply-side measures, in particular to strengthen Government accountability; 2) to address fiscal constraints by changing policies on allowances which currently favor those at the centre of government, and by giving HTRS areas greater financial management flexibility; and 3) to put a time limit on the assessment of measures to fix the state, leaving open the possibility that market mechanisms might eventually present the best option in dealing with inequity in public services.

Equity in Public Services in Tanzania and Uganda

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