Table of Contents: Seed Science and Technology :

Seed Science and Technology : Biology, Production, Quality.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Dadlani, Malavika.
Other Authors:	Yadava, Devendra K.
Format:	eBook
Language:	English
Published:	Singapore : Springer, 2023.
Edition:	1st ed.
Subjects:	Electronic books.
Online Access:	Click to View

Table of Contents:

Intro
Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Seed Quality: Variety Development to Planting-An Overview
1 Introduction
2 Seed Development
3 System of Variety Development, Release, and Notification
4 Seed Production
5 Variety Maintenance/Maintenance Breeding
6 Seed Quality
6.1 Physical Quality
6.2 Genetic Purity
6.3 Physiological Quality
6.4 Seed Health
7 Factors Influencing Seed Quality
8 Seed Quality Assurance
9 Seed Certification and Quality Testing
10 Role of International Organizations
11 Seed Quality Maintenance
12 Seed Quality Upgradation
13 Genetic Improvement for Seed Quality
14 Seed Quality Enhancement
15 Scope of Molecular Technologies
References
Seed Development and Maturation
1 Introduction
2 Double Fertilization
3 Embryogenesis
3.1 Embryogenesis in Monocot
3.2 Embryogenesis in Dicot
4 Acquisition of Desiccation Tolerance During Seed Maturation
5 Seed Development and Maturation in Relevance to Seed Quality
5.1 Hormonal Regulation of Seed Development and Maturation
6 Physiological Maturity, Mass Maturity and Harvest Maturity
6.1 Seed Maturity Indices in Relation to Harvest Maturity
6.2 Trackable Parameters During Seed Development and Maturation
6.2.1 Seed Moisture Content
6.2.2 Seed Size
6.2.3 Seed Dry Weight
6.2.4 Germination
6.2.5 Vigour
6.3 Chlorophyll Fluorescence (CF) Sorting vis-à-vis Seed Maturation
6.4 External Factors Affecting Seed Development and Maturation
6.4.1 Soil Fertility
6.4.2 Water
6.4.3 Temperature
6.4.4 Light
6.4.5 Seed Position on the Plant
7 Conclusion
References
Seed Dormancy and Regulation of Germination
1 Introduction
2 Seed Dormancy
2.1 Definition
2.2 Classification of Seed Dormancy
2.2.1 Morphological Dormancy
2.2.2 Physiological Dormancy.
2.2.3 Physical Dormancy
2.2.4 Combinational Dormancy
2.3 Types of Seed Dormancy in Legumes and Cereals
2.4 Induction of Dormancy
2.4.1 Primary Dormancy
2.4.2 Secondary Dormancy
2.5 Phytochrome and Seed Dormancy vs. Germination
2.6 Methods to Release Dormancy
2.6.1 Scarification
2.6.2 Stratification
2.6.3 Leaching of Metabolites (Inhibitors)
2.6.4 Treating Seed with Chemical Activators and Growth Hormones
3 Seed Germination
3.1 Morphology of Seed Germination
3.2 Metabolic Processes During Seed Germination
3.2.1 Hydrolytic Enzymes and Seed Germination
3.2.2 Hydrolysis of Starch
3.2.3 Hydrolysis of Proteins
3.2.4 Hydrolysis of Lipids
3.2.5 Hydrolysis of Phytic Acid
3.3 ROS Function
3.4 Nitrogenous Compounds and Seed Germination
3.5 Mobilisation of Reserve Food Material
3.6 Hormone Metabolism and Signalling
3.7 Ethylene and Other Growth Regulators
3.8 Environmental Factors Influencing Seed Germination
4 Conclusions and Future Thrust Areas
References
Seed Vigour and Invigoration
1 Introduction
1.1 Definitions of Seed Vigour
2 Factors Affecting Seed Vigour
2.1 Acquisition of Seed Vigour and Seed Maturity
2.2 Environment
2.3 Seed Size
2.4 Seed Reserves
2.5 Positional Effect
2.6 Seed Coat and Imbibition Damage
2.7 Seed Ageing and Storage
2.8 Seed Processing
2.9 Physical Sanitation Treatment
2.10 Genetic Variation
3 Seed Vigour Assessment
3.1 Seed Vigour Tests
3.1.1 Seed Size/Density
3.1.2 Performance-Based Tests
3.1.3 Stress Tests
3.1.4 Physiological and Biochemical Tests
3.2 Some Novel Methods of Vigour Assessment
4 Seed Invigoration
4.1 Effect of Seed Priming
4.1.1 Biophysical and Structural Changes
4.1.2 Cellular and Metabolic Changes
4.1.3 Physiological and Biochemical Changes.
4.1.4 Stress Resistance
4.2 Storage of Primed Seeds
5 Conclusion
References
Seed Longevity and Deterioration
1 Introduction
2 Seed Factors
2.1 Role of Chemical Protectants in Various Tissues
2.2 Role of Hormones
3 Storage Factors
3.1 Moisture Content, Water Activity or Equilibrium Relative Humidity
3.1.1 Glassy or Liquid Cytoplasm
3.2 Temperature
3.3 Oxygen
3.4 Pests and Pathogens
4 Modelling Seed Ageing
5 Estimating Seed Longevity
6 Types and Causes of Seed Deterioration
7 Repair Mechanisms
8 Storability of Recalcitrant Seeds
References
Principles of Quality Seed Production
1 Introduction
2 Variety Release and Seed Certification
3 Generation Scheme of Seed Multiplication
4 Genetic Deterioration in Crop Varieties
4.1 Genotypic Constitution and Pollination Behaviour
4.2 Developmental Variation
4.3 Mechanical Mixtures
4.4 Natural Out-Crossing
4.5 Influence of Pests and Diseases
4.6 Genetic Drift
4.7 Minor Genetic Variations and Pre-mature Release of Varieties
5 Principles of Quality Seed Production
5.1 Genetic Principles of Seed Production
5.1.1 Maintenance Breeding
5.1.2 Confirmation of the Seed Source
5.1.3 Previous Cropping History
5.1.4 Isolation Requirement
Isolation in Time
Isolation by Distance
Isolation by Barrier
5.1.5 Compact Area Approach
5.1.6 Discarding the Peripheral Strip
5.2 Agronomic Principles of Seed Production
5.2.1 Selection of the Agro-Climatic Region
5.2.2 Field Preparation
5.2.3 Selection of a Variety
5.2.4 Seeding and Stand Establishment
5.2.5 Roguing of the Seed Crop
5.2.6 Weed Control
5.2.7 Disease and Insect Control
5.2.8 Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition
5.3 Seed Technology Principles
5.3.1 Selection of Field
5.3.2 Supplementary Pollination
5.3.3 Harvesting.
5.3.4 Drying and Storage of Raw Seed
5.3.5 Seed Conditioning and Upgradation
5.3.6 Seed Treatment
5.3.7 Seed Packaging and Storage
5.3.8 Seed Certification
5.3.9 Seed Certification Procedures
Application
Field Inspection
Seed Sampling, Testing and Tagging
5.3.10 Marketing
6 Conclusion
References
Vegetable Seed Production
1 Introduction
2 Seed Quality Parameters
2.1 Genetic Purity
2.1.1 Breeder Seed
2.1.2 Foundation Seed
2.1.3 Certified Seed
2.1.4 Labelled Seed
3 Seed Certification
4 Seed Production Technology
4.1 Environmental Requirements
4.2 Land Requirements and Planting
4.3 Pollination Requirements
4.4 Isolation Requirements
4.4.1 Temporal Isolation
4.4.2 Spatial Isolation
4.4.3 Isolation by Physical Barrier
5 Roguing
5.1 Different Stages of Rouging
6 Harvesting, Threshing and Seed Extraction
6.1 Fermentation
6.2 Acid Treatment
6.3 Alkali Treatment
7 Seed Drying
8 Seed Processing
9 Seed Quality Control
10 Genetic Purity
11 Opportunities in Vegetable Seed Production
References
Principles of Variety Maintenance for Quality Seed Production
1 Introduction
1.1 Quality Control: An Essential Prerequisite of Varietal Maintenance and Seed Multiplication
2 Maintenance Breeding
2.1 Objectives of the Maintenance Breeding
2.2 Methodology
2.2.1 Self-Pollinated Crops
Rice
Pusa Basmati 1121
Pusa 44
Wheat
Nucleus Seed Stage I (NSS1)
Nucleus Seed Stage II (NSS2)
2.2.2 Often Cross-Pollinated Crops, e.g., Pigeon Pea
Nucleus Seed Production of Varieties and/or Restorer Lines of Hybrids
Nucleus Seed Production of A Line of Pigeon Pea Hybrids
2.2.3 Cross-Pollinated Crops, e.g. Sunflower
Nucleus Seed Production of Open-Pollinated Varieties
Nucleus Seed Production of R Line.
3 Measures to Evaluate Varietal Purity to Increase Homogeneity and Stability
4 Conclusion
References
Hybrid Seed Production Technology
1 Introduction
2 Genetic Principles in Hybrid Seed Production
2.1 Male Sterility
2.1.1 Genetic Male Sterility (GMS)
2.1.2 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS)
2.1.3 Cytoplasmic-Genetic Male Sterility (CGMS)
2.2 Self-Incompatibility
2.3 Emasculation and Pollination
2.4 Use of Gynoecious Sex Form
2.5 Use of Chemicals and Growth Regulators
2.5.1 Sex Modification through Hormones and Chemicals
2.6 Manipulation of Environment for Sex Modification in Hybrid Seed Production
2.6.1 Rice
2.6.2 Castor
3 Agronomic Principles of Hybrid Seed Production
3.1 Environmental Requirements
3.2 Land Requirement
3.3 Isolation Distance
4 Stigma Receptivity
5 Pollen Viability
6 Pollination Control
7 Synchronization of Flowering
7.1 Rice
7.2 Sorghum
7.3 Pearl Millet
7.4 Sunflower
7.5 Cauliflower
8 Planting Ratio
9 Supplementary Pollination
10 Roguing
11 Harvesting, Threshing and Seed Extraction
12 Seed Drying
13 Hybrid Seed Production in Maize (Zea mays L.)
13.1 Selection of Area
13.2 Field Selection
13.3 Isolation
13.3.1 Spatial Isolation
13.3.2 Temporal Isolation
13.3.3 Border Rows
13.4 Use of Border Rows
13.5 Planting Pattern
13.6 Pollen Control
13.6.1 Precautions During Detasseling
13.7 Flowering Manipulation
13.8 Rogueing
14 Hybrid Seed Production in Castor (Ricinus communis L.)
14.1 Isolation
14.2 Season and Planting Condition
14.3 Breeder/Foundation Seed Production of Female Parents
14.3.1 Conventional Method
14.3.2 Modified Method
14.3.3 Other Precautions
14.4 Certified Hybrid Seed Production
15 Hybrid Seed Production in Cotton
15.1 Emasculation of the Female Parent.
15.1.1 Doak Method or Thumb Nail Method.

Seed Science and Technology : Biology, Production, Quality.

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