Table of Contents: Wheat Improvement :

Wheat Improvement : Food Security in a Changing Climate.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Reynolds, Matthew P.
Other Authors:	Braun, Hans-Joachim.
Format:	eBook
Language:	English
Published:	Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2022.
Edition:	1st ed.
Subjects:	Electronic books.
Online Access:	Click to View

Table of Contents:

Intro
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
About the Editors and Contributors
Editors
Contributors
Abbreviations
Part I: Background
Chapter 1: Wheat Improvement
1.1 Learning Objectives
1.2 Background on Crop Breeding
1.3 Crop Improvement in Pre-history
1.4 Breeding in the Industrial Age
1.5 Technologies That Have Impacted Crop Breeding in Recent Decades
1.6 Integration of Disciplines
1.7 Networking and Sharing
1.8 Choosing Crop Improvement Approaches
1.9 Main Objectives of the Textbook 'Wheat Improvement - Food Security in a Changing Climate'
1.10 Key Concepts
1.11 Conclusions
References
Chapter 2: History of Wheat Breeding: A Personal View
2.1 Learning Objectives
2.2 Introduction
2.3 Past Wheat Improvement at the Farm Level and in the Breeders' Plots
2.4 Past Activities Associated with Greater Breeding Success and Efficiency
2.5 Some Future Considerations for Breeding
2.6 Organization and Funding of Wheat Breeding
2.7 Key Concepts
References
Chapter 3: Defining Target Wheat Breeding Environments
3.1 Learning Objectives
3.2 Introduction: Wheat Mega-environments in History and the Context of Global Wheat Breeding
3.3 Major Factors That Broadly Impact the Definition of Target Environments
3.3.1 Flowering Time: Photoperiod and Vernalization
3.3.2 Water Availability and Temperature
3.3.3 Diseases
3.4 Target Population of Environments
3.5 Multi-environmental Testing and Genotype-by-Environment Interactions
3.6 Example of TPE Definition
3.7 Key Concepts and Conclusions
References
Chapter 4: Global Trends in Wheat Production, Consumption and Trade
4.1 Learning Objectives
4.2 Introduction
4.3 Data and Methods
4.4 Trends in Global Wheat Production.
4.5 Trends in Global Wheat Consumption
4.6 Wheat Prices and Trade
4.7 Key Concepts
4.8 Conclusion
References
Part II: Delivering Improved Germplasm
Chapter 5: Breeding Methods: Line Development
5.1 Learning Objectives
5.2 Introduction
5.3 Pedigree Breeding
5.4 Bulk and Composite Breeding
5.5 Single Seed Descent
5.6 Doubled-Haploids
5.7 Backcross Methods
5.8 Mutation Breeding
5.9 Multilines
5.10 Key Concepts
5.11 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Breeding Methods: Population Improvement and Selection Methods
6.1 Learning Objectives
6.2 Population Improvement
6.2.1 Evolutionary Breeding
6.2.2 Recurrent Selection
6.3 Selection Methods
6.3.1 Mass Selection Systems
6.3.2 Selection Based on Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP)
6.3.3 Marker-Assisted Selection
6.3.4 Genomic Selection
6.4 Key Concepts
6.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7: Achieving Genetic Gains in Practice
7.1 Learning Objectives
7.2 Introduction
7.3 Product Profile-Based Breeding
7.4 Parental Selection and Crossing Strategies
7.5 Early-Generation Advancement and Selection Strategies
7.6 Advancement Decisions for Elite Lines and Phenotyping Strategies
7.7 International Screening Nurseries and Yield Trials for Identifying Superior Lines from Multi-environment Phenotyping
7.8 Integration of Genomic Selection
7.9 Partnerships with National Programs for Variety Identification, Release, and Dissemination
7.10 Outlook to Further Accelerate Genetic Gain
7.10.1 'Rapid Bulk Generation Advancement (RBGA) Scheme (Three-Year Breeding Cycle Time)
7.10.2 'Rapid-Cycle Recurrent Selection (RCRS)' Scheme (Two-Year Breeding Cycle Time)
7.11 Key Concepts
7.12 Conclusion
References.
Chapter 8: Wheat Rusts: Current Status, Prospects of Genetic Control and Integrated Approaches to Enhance Resistance Durability
8.1 Learning Objectives
8.2 Economic Importance, Historical Impacts, Status of Rust Diseases
8.2.1 Stem Rust
8.2.2 Stripe Rust
8.2.3 Leaf Rust
8.3 Global Rust Phenotyping Network - Critical Tool to Understand Host Resistance and Pathogenic Diversity on a Global Scale
8.4 International Research Networks in Mitigating the Threats of Emerging New Races-Early Detection, Forecasting and Prediction
8.5 Types of Resistance, Strategies to Deploy Different Resistance Mechanisms to Attain Resistance Durability
8.5.1 Race-Specific/Seedling Resistance
8.5.2 APR Genes Conferring Pleiotropic Effects
8.6 Enhancing Resistance Durability Through Breeding Success, Setbacks and Lessons Learnt
8.7 Integrating New Tools for Resistance Breeding Presents Opportunities for Wheat Improvement
8.8 Key Concepts
8.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9: Globally Important Non-rust Diseases of Wheat
9.1 Learning Objectives
9.2 Introduction
9.3 Spike Diseases
9.3.1 Fusarium Head Blight
9.3.2 Wheat Blast
9.3.3 Karnal Bunt
9.4 Leaf Spotting Diseases
9.4.1 Tan Spot
9.4.2 Septoria Nodorum Blotch
9.4.3 Spot Blotch
9.4.4 Septoria Tritici Blotch
9.5 Root Diseases
9.6 Key Concepts
9.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 10: Abiotic Stresses
10.1 Learning Objectives
10.2 Introduction
10.2.1 Australia
10.2.2 North America
10.2.3 Europe
10.2.4 Russia and Ukraine
10.2.5 India
10.2.6 China
10.3 Breeding for Improved Adaptation to Water-Limited and Heat Stressed Environments
10.3.1 Relevant Breeding Targets
10.3.2 Meaningful Genetic Diversity
10.3.3 To Phenotype or Not?
10.3.4 Physiological Wheat Breeding.
10.3.5 Integration of Genomic Technologies in a Broader Physiological Breeding Strategy
10.4 Examples of Integrating Physiological Breeding in Wheat Improvement Programs
10.4.1 Defining the Environment in Northwestern NSW
10.4.2 Establishing an Ideotype for Northwestern NSW
10.4.3 Breeding Method - Modified Pedigree
10.4.4 Breeding Method - Selected Bulk
10.4.5 Breeding Method - Genomic Selection
10.5 Key Concepts and Conclusions
References
Chapter 11: Wheat Quality
11.1 Learning Objectives
11.2 Introduction - What Is Wheat Quality?
11.3 Importance of Wheat Quality - Why We Need to Breed for It
11.4 Main Traits That Define Wheat Quality
11.4.1 Grain Hardness
11.4.2 Gluten
11.4.3 Color
11.4.4 Starch
11.5 Genetic Control of the Quality Traits and Environmental Effects
11.6 Breeding for Quality
11.6.1 Integrating Quality in the Breeding Process
11.6.2 Bread
11.6.3 Noodles
11.6.4 Cookies
11.6.5 Pasta
11.6.6 Molecular Markers Useful to Select for the Above-Mentioned Traits
11.7 Key Concepts
11.8 Conclusions
Further Reading
Chapter 12: Nutritionally Enhanced Wheat for Food and Nutrition Security
12.1 Learning Objectives
12.2 Introduction
12.2.1 Improving Nutrition of Crops for Human Health
12.2.2 Importance of a Whole Grain Diet
12.2.3 Significance of Processing, Retention and Bioavailability on Nutritional Impact of Wheat
12.3 Crop Improvement for Nutritional Quality
12.3.1 Setting Breeding Target Levels
12.3.2 Genetic Diversity for Nutritional Quality Traits
12.3.3 Targeted Breeding Approach
12.3.4 Genetic Architecture and Association of Nutritional Quality Traits in Wheat
12.3.5 Genetic Control of Nutritional Quality Traits
12.3.6 Agronomic Biofortification.
12.3.7 Mainstreaming Nutritional Quality Traits in Wheat Breeding and Novel Approaches
12.3.8 Speed Breeding
12.3.9 Population Improvement
12.3.10 Genomic Selection
12.4 Product Development and Dissemination
12.4.1 Adoption and Commercialization of Biofortified Wheat
12.5 Key Concepts
12.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
Chapter 13: Experimental Design for Plant Improvement
13.1 Learning Objectives
13.2 Introduction
13.3 Fundamental Design Concepts
13.3.1 Definitions
13.3.2 Replication
13.3.3 Randomization
13.3.4 Blocking: Controlling for Variability
13.3.5 Pseudo-Replication
13.3.6 Orthogonality and Balance
13.3.7 Resolvability
13.3.8 Optimality Criterion
13.3.9 Model Notation
13.4 Classical Designs
13.4.1 Treatment Structures
13.4.2 Plot Structures
13.4.2.1 Randomized Complete Block Designs (RCBDs)
13.4.2.2 Alpha-Lattice Designs
13.4.2.3 Row-Column Designs
13.4.2.4 Latinized Designs
13.4.2.5 Split Plot Designs
13.4.2.6 Augmented Designs
13.5 Model-Based Designs
13.5.1 Statistical Models for Plant Improvement Experiments
13.5.1.1 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
13.5.1.2 Linear Mixed Model
13.5.2 Examples
13.5.2.1 Accounting for Extraneous Variation
13.5.2.2 Partially Replicated Designs
13.6 Summary
13.7 Key Concepts
13.8 Review Questions
References
Chapter 14: Seed Systems to Support Rapid Adoption of Improved Varieties in Wheat
14.1 Learning Objectives
14.2 Introduction: Need for Efficient Wheat Seed System and Issues That Affect Its Functioning
14.3 Importance of Quality Seed in Modern Agriculture
14.4 Systems of Deed Dissemination
14.4.1 Formal and Informal Seed Dissemination
14.4.2 Seed System in Developed Countries and UPOV
14.4.3 Pre-release Seed Multiplication.
14.5 Type of Varieties in Wheat and Classes of Quality Seed.

Wheat Improvement : Food Security in a Changing Climate.

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