Ye Shall Know Them by Their Fruits : A Mixed Methods Study on Corruption, Competitiveness, and Christianity in Europe and the Americas.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: García Portilla, Jason.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.
Edition:1st ed.
Series:Contributions to Economics Series
Subjects:
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • "Ye Shall Know Them by Their Fruits"
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgements
  • About This Book
  • Contents
  • About the Author
  • List of Abbreviations
  • List of Figures
  • List of Tables
  • Part I: Introductory Considerations and Research Setting
  • Chapter 1: Introduction
  • 1.1 A Historical Challenge Inspiring this Study
  • 1.2 Intended Outcome and Contributions
  • 1.2.1 Theoretical Gaps: What Makes this Research Different?
  • 1.2.2 Methodological Gaps
  • 1.2.3 Limitations
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Research Setting
  • 2.1 Research Aim and Focus
  • 2.2 Research Question
  • 2.3 Hypotheses
  • 2.4 Research Model
  • References
  • Part II: Conceptual Framework
  • Chapter 3: The Outcome (Criterion Variables)
  • 3.1 Definitions of Corruption (A)
  • 3.1.1 The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) as an Outcome (or Criterion Variable)
  • 3.2 The Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) as a Prosperity Proxy (Outcome or Criterion Variable) (A)́
  • 3.3 Competitiveness and Transparency as Prosperity Proxies
  • 3.3.1 Economic Indicators and Corruption
  • References
  • Chapter 4: Diagnosing Corruption and Prosperity in Europe and the Americas (A)
  • 4.1 Corruption in Europe and the Americas (CPI)
  • 4.2 Social Progress in Europe and the Americas (SPI)
  • 4.3 Competitiveness in Europe and the Americas (GCI)
  • References
  • Chapter 5: Conditions (Predictor Variables): Theories Explaining Prosperity Differences (B), (C), (D), (E)
  • 5.1 Culture (C)
  • 5.1.1 Cultural Determinism of Prosperity
  • 5.2 Institutions and Economic Growth (D)
  • 5.2.1 Colonialism as an Overarching Explanation and as the Overlapping of Cultural Proxies
  • 5.3 Religion (Cultural and Institutional Influences) (B)
  • 5.3.1 The Institutional Influence of Religion Has Been More Decisive to Prosperity than the Cultural Effect of Religious Affil.
  • 5.3.2 Definitions of Protestantism and Roman Catholicism
  • 5.3.2.1 Definition of Protestantism
  • 5.3.2.2 Definition of Roman Catholicism
  • 5.4 Dependency and World Systems Theories
  • 5.4.1 World Systems Theory
  • 5.5 Factor Endowments Theory (Institutions and Geography)
  • 5.6 Environment and Geography (E): The Environmental Performance Index (EPI)
  • 5.7 Summary of Theories Explaining Differences in Prosperity and Insights from New Economic History
  • 5.7.1 Insights from New Economic History
  • References
  • Part III: Theoretical Foundations
  • Chapter 6: Corruption and Religion (A), (B), (1)
  • 6.1 Religious Affiliation and Corruption
  • 6.1.1 Possible Explanations of the Robust Associations between Corruption and Religion
  • References
  • Chapter 7: Prosperity and Religion (A), (B), (1)
  • 7.1 Religion as a Predictor (Independent) Variable that Affects Prosperity
  • 7.1.1 The Weberian ``Cultural ́́Argument on Christianity and Prosperity (1)
  • 7.1.2 Some Empirical Studies Refuting Weberś Thesis
  • 7.1.3 Most Empirical Studies Confirm Weberś Thesis (Although for Different Reasons)
  • 7.2 Religion as a Criterion (Dependent) Variable that Is Affected by Prosperity
  • 7.2.1 Influence of Prosperity on Religion: The Theory of Existential Security
  • 7.3 Summarising the Core Messages of Chapter 7. Prosperity and Religion
  • References
  • Chapter 8: Institutions, Corruption/Prosperity, and Religion (A), (B), (D), (1), (3), (6)
  • 8.1 Institutions as Triggers of Corruption/Prosperity (3)
  • 8.1.1 Institutions, Hierarchy, and Democracy Vis-à-Vis Prosperity/Transparency
  • 8.2 Religion and Institutions (6)
  • 8.2.1 The Roman Catholic Influence on Institutions, Democracy, and Prosperity
  • 8.2.1.1 Roman Catholic Political Philosophy
  • 8.2.1.2 Change of Discourse Towards Democracy after Vatican II.
  • 8.2.2 Protestant Influence on Institutions and Democracy
  • 8.2.2.1 Protestantism and Democracy
  • 8.2.3 Traditional Institutional Influence of Religion in Latin America
  • 8.2.4 Summarising the Core Messages of Section 8.2. Religion and Institutions
  • 8.3 Law, Religion, Revolutions, and State Models (B), (D), (6)
  • 8.3.1 Legal Traditions in Europe and the Americas
  • 8.3.2 Legal Traditions and Current Institutional Performance (3)
  • 8.3.3 The Roman Civil Law Tradition
  • 8.3.3.1 Roman Civil Law
  • 8.3.3.2 Roman Catholic Jurisprudence (Canon Law) (6)
  • 8.3.4 Protestantism, Revolutions, and Law (6′)
  • 8.3.4.1 The Sixteenth-Century German-European Revolution
  • 8.3.4.1.1 Lutheran Influence on Scandinavian Countries
  • 8.3.4.2 The Seventeenth-Century English-European Revolution
  • 8.3.4.3 The Eighteenth-Century United States Revolution
  • 8.3.4.4 The Influence of Protestant Revolutions on Secularism
  • 8.3.4.5 The Eighteenth and Nineteenth-Century French-European Revolution
  • 8.3.4.6 Maintaining the Roman Catholic Status Quo after Independence
  • 8.3.4.6.1 The Adoption of French Civil Law in Latin American Countries
  • 8.3.4.6.2 Concordats with the Roman Catholic Church-State
  • 8.3.4.7 The Twentieth-Century Russian Revolution
  • 8.3.5 Religion, Law, and State Models
  • 8.3.6 Summarising the Core Messages of Section 8.3. Law, Religion, Revolutions, and State Models
  • References
  • Chapter 9: Education, Religion, and Corruption/Prosperity (A), (B), (C), (1), (2)
  • 9.1 The Influence of Religion on Education and Human Capital (Prosperity Pillar Mechanism) (A), (B), (C), (D), (1), (2), (3), ...
  • 9.1.1 Roman Catholic Education
  • 9.1.1.1 Jesuitical Education
  • 9.1.2 Protestant Education
  • 9.1.2.1 Summarising the Core Messages of Sect. 9.1.2. Protestant Education
  • References.
  • Chapter 10: Culture, Religion, and Corruption/Prosperity (A), (B), (C), (1), (2)
  • 10.1 Culture and Corruption (2)
  • 10.2 Culture and Institutions/Prosperity (2), (3), (5)
  • 10.3 Culture and Religion (B), (C)
  • 10.3.1 The Cultural Influence of Religion in Latin America
  • 10.3.1.1 Corruption in Latin America
  • 10.3.1.2 The Divorce Between Law, Social Norms, and Morals in Latin America
  • 10.4 Roman Catholic and Protestant Theologies, and Corruption/Prosperity (1), (3), (6)
  • 10.4.1 Roman Catholic Theology and Political Culture
  • 10.4.1.1 Roman Catholic Theology
  • 10.4.1.1.1 Roman Catholic Theology in Practice
  • 10.4.1.2 Roman Catholic Political Culture
  • 10.4.1.3 Ecumenism: All Roads Lead to Rome
  • 10.4.1.4 Liberation Theology: A Top-Down Movement
  • 10.4.1.4.1 Marxism and Hegelian Dialectics in Liberation Theology
  • 10.4.1.4.2 Liberation Theology and Protestantism
  • 10.4.2 Protestant Theology
  • 10.4.2.1 Theological Reasons for Traditional Protestant Anti-Clericalism
  • 10.4.2.2 Current Protestant Views on the Papacy
  • 10.4.3 Pentecostalism
  • 10.4.3.1 The Influence of Pentecostalism in Latin America
  • 10.4.3.2 The Prosperity Gospel (PG) as a Mainly Pentecostal Contemporary Phenomenon
  • 10.4.3.2.1 PG Origins: Syncretism with African Rituals and New Thought Movement
  • 10.4.3.2.2 General Criticisms of PG
  • 10.4.3.2.3 Theological Criticisms of PG
  • 10.4.3.2.4 Is PG a Poor peopleś Movement? Empirical Results from Studies
  • 10.4.3.2.5 Summarising the Core Messages of Sect. 10.4.3.2 The Prosperity Gospel (PG)
  • 10.5 Syncretism
  • 10.5.1 Syncretism and Christianity
  • 10.5.1.1 Syncretism and Christianity in Latin America
  • 10.5.1.1.1 Colombia
  • 10.5.1.1.2 Cuba
  • 10.5.1.1.3 Uruguay
  • 10.5.2 Summarising the Core Messages of Sect. 10.5 Syncretism
  • References
  • Chapter 11: Language and Religion.
  • 11.1 The Role of the Bible in Shaping Language and Societies
  • 11.1.1 German
  • 11.1.2 English
  • 11.1.3 Other Native Languages
  • 11.1.4 Latin, Roman Empire, and Roman Catholicism
  • References
  • Chapter 12: Environment/Geography and Prosperity/Transparency (E), (4), (7)
  • 12.1 Prosperity and Environment/Geography (4), (7)
  • 12.2 Corruption and Environment/Geography (4), (7)
  • References
  • Part IV: Research Paradigms, Methodology, and Research Design
  • Chapter 13: Applied Research Paradigms
  • 13.1 Research Paradigms
  • 13.1.1 Research Paradigm 1 (Dialectical Pluralism)
  • 13.1.2 Research Paradigm 2 (Complex Thinking)
  • 13.2 Paradigm Biases
  • 13.2.1 Scientific
  • 13.2.1.1 Biases
  • 13.2.2 Personal
  • 13.2.2.1 Personal Experiences from Each Belief System
  • 13.2.2.2 Strategies for Objective Data Treatment
  • References
  • Chapter 14: Methodology
  • References
  • Part V: Empirical Results (Macro and Meso Components)
  • Chapter 15: Component 1 (Macro): Quantitative (Regression) Analysis
  • 15.1 Modelling Competitiveness and Corruption
  • 15.1.1 Modelling Competitiveness (GCI) (Stages 1 and 2)
  • 15.1.2 Modelling Corruption (CPI Stage 3)
  • 15.2 Methods of Regression Analysis
  • 15.2.1 Methodological Limitations
  • 15.2.1.1 Latest Available Data Measured at Different Time Periods
  • 15.2.1.2 Regression Analysis Is Not a Causal Approach
  • 15.2.1.3 This Regression Analysis Excludes a Time Series Approach
  • 15.2.2 Data and Empirical Strategy
  • 15.2.3 Protocol
  • 15.3 Empirical Results of Regression Analysis
  • 15.3.1 Competitiveness
  • 15.3.1.1 Stage 1: Competitiveness in the World
  • 15.3.1.1.1 Model 1
  • Positive Correlations
  • Negative Correlations
  • 15.3.1.1.2 Model 2 with Population Percentage
  • 15.3.1.1.3 Model 3 (Including State Religion)
  • 15.3.1.2 Stage 2: Modelling Competitiveness (Europe and the Americas).
  • 15.3.1.2.1 Model 4: Results of Cross-Validation.