Grassland Use in Europe : A Syllabus for Young Farmers.
| Main Author: | |
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| Other Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Versailles :
Quae,
2019.
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Click to View |
Table of Contents:
- Intro
- Table of contents
- Preface
- Objectives of Inno4Grass
- Diversity of European grasslands
- Main grassland types
- Economic and social importance of European grasslands
- Environmental importance
- Threats
- Chapter 1. Grassland production
- Characteristics of grass
- Use of grasslands
- Grassland species and sward assessment
- Weed management
- Chapter 2. Grazing management
- Grass supply
- Main parasitic diseases encountered on the pasture
- Main grazing parameters
- Management according to the season
- Farm infrastructure
- Chapter 3. Hay and silage making
- Cutting management and haymaking
- Silage
- Techniques adapted to legume and legume mixtures
- Chapter 4. Soil and nutrient management
- Soil characteristics related to grasslands
- Main macro-nutrients: N P K
- Biological nitrogen fixation
- Liming
- Use of animal manure
- Other macro- and micronutrients
- Chapter 5. Environment and biodiversity
- Carbon sequestration
- Greenhouse gas emissions
- Water quality
- Biodiversity
- Chapter 6. Quality of grassland-based animal products
- Milk and dairy product quality
- Effect of grazed grass on milk composition
- Effect of the grass conservation type on milk composition
- References
- Characteristics of individual countries
- Sweden
- Introduction
- Climate conditions for grass and legumes in Sweden
- Feeding ruminants and horses up to the 1960s
- Use of pasture: historical development
- Comparative studies of hay and silage in the 1970s
- Conversion from hay to silage for dairy cows in the 1980s
- Decrease in roughage in the dairy cow diet in the 1990s and increase in the 2000s
- Shift to round bale silage among smallholders
- Horse owners finally turn to silage
- Grazing in Swedish production systems of today
- Organic production in Sweden.
- How the new conditions influenced seed selection
- More intensive harvesting regimes
- White clover for silage
- Using white clover for less intensive silage systems
- Lucerne for dry conditions
- Forage species adapted for different purposes
- Conclusions and future tasks
- References
- Ireland
- Introduction
- Current grazing performance on dairy farms
- Soil fertility management
- Reseeding investment
- PastureBase Ireland
- The Netherlands
- Introduction
- Dairy farming systems in the Netherlands: developments and characteristics
- Soils
- Grassland areas
- Grass yield and grass quality
- Rations
- Fertilisation
- Nutrient losses
- Trends in grazing
- Grazing as a societal issue and grazing premiums
- Grazing systems
- Ensiling grass
- Outlook on the future of dairy systems in the Netherlands
- References
- Belgium
- Introduction
- Ruminant livestock production systems
- Dairy production
- Beef production
- Sheep and other ruminant productions
- Organic farming and stockbreeding
- Pasture resources
- Grassland management and forage conservation
- Opportunities to improve pasture resources
- References
- Germany
- Introduction
- Silage
- Fermentation basics of silage making
- Anaerobic conditions
- Grass types
- Grazing
- References
- Poland
- Introduction
- Grassland productivity and management
- Grassland renovation and establishment of new grass swards
- References
- France
- Introduction
- Herbivore stocking rate
- Grassland-based livestock farming systems
- Milk production
- Dairy herd size
- Milk production per cow
- Herd size and variation
- Characteristics of production
- The importance of grassland in France
- References
- Italy
- Introduction
- The agricultural sector and animal husbandry with a focus on ruminants
- Grassland types
- Grass yield and grass quality.
- Grazing
- Grazing systems in the Italian continental regions
- Grazing systems in Italian Mediterranean regions
- Final remarks on the key aspects for climate change adaptation in Italian Mediterranean grasslands
- References.