Cover Image

Concepts in Action : Representation, Learning, and Application.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Bechberger, Lucas.
Other Authors: Kühnberger, Kai-Uwe., Liu, Mingya.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.
Edition:1st ed.
Series:Language, Cognition, and Mind Series
Subjects:
Electronic books.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Acknowledgements
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Concepts in Action: Introduction
  • 1 Research Questions
  • 1.1 Representation: How Can We Formally Describe and Model Concepts?
  • 1.2 Learning: Where Do Concepts Come from and How Are They Acquired?
  • 1.3 Application: How Are Concepts Used in Cognitive Tasks?
  • 2 Summaries of the Contributed Chapters
  • References
  • Generalizing Psychological Similarity Spaces to Unseen Stimuli
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Multidimensional Scaling
  • 2.1 Obtaining Dissimilarity Ratings
  • 2.2 The Algorithms
  • 3 Extracting Similarity Spaces from the NOUN Data Set
  • 3.1 Evaluation Metrics
  • 3.2 Methods
  • 3.3 Results
  • 4 A Hybrid Approach
  • 4.1 Our Proposal
  • 4.2 Related Work
  • 5 Machine Learning Experiments
  • 5.1 Methods
  • 5.2 Experiment 1: Comparing Feature Spaces and Regressors
  • 5.3 Experiment 2: Comparing MDS Algorithms
  • 5.4 Experiment 3: Comparing Target Spaces of Different Size
  • 6 Conclusions
  • References
  • Theories of Meaning for the Internet of Things
  • 1 Why Traditional Knowledge Representation Is Insufficient
  • 1.1 Problem Statement and Methodology
  • 1.2 Existing Solutions in Philosophy
  • 1.3 Existing Solutions in Computer Science and Logic
  • 2 Motivating Scenario
  • 3 Applying Theories of Meaning to the Internet of Things
  • 3.1 Model-Theoretic Semantics for the Internet of Things
  • 3.2 Possible World Semantics for the Internet of Things
  • 3.3 Situation Semantics for the Internet of Things
  • 3.4 Cognitive and Distributional Semantics for the Internet of Things
  • 4 Conclusion
  • References
  • A Qualitative Similarity Framework for the Interpretation of Natural Language Similarity Expressions
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Representations in Multi-dimensional Attribute Spaces
  • 2.1 Domains and Representations
  • 2.2 Representations and Classifier Systems.
  • 3 Similarity Expressions in Natural Language
  • 3.1 Similarity Demonstratives
  • 3.2 Ad-Hoc Kinds
  • 3.3 Equative Comparison
  • 3.4 'Exactly' Versus 'At-Least' Reading
  • 3.5 Gradability
  • 4 Indiscernability
  • 4.1 (A)symmetry of Similarity
  • 4.2 'Exacly' Reading Versus 'At-Least' Reading
  • 5 Granularity of Representations and Gradability of Similarity
  • 6 Conclusion
  • References
  • Numerical Concepts in Context
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Theoretical Background
  • 2.1 Number: Round Versus Non-round
  • 2.2 Approximator: Approximate Versus Exact
  • 2.3 Unit: Discrete Versus Continuous
  • 2.4 Summary
  • 3 Corpus Study
  • 3.1 Hypotheses
  • 3.2 Methods
  • 3.3 Results and Interpretation
  • 4 Psycholinguistic Experiment
  • 4.1 Materials and Predictions
  • 4.2 Procedure and Participants
  • 4.3 Data Analysis and Results
  • 5 Discussion and Conclusion
  • 5.1 Numbers and Number Concepts
  • 5.2 Contributions and Outlooks of the Current Study
  • Appendix: Test Items of the Experiment (I./C. For Item/Condition)
  • References
  • Evaluating Semantic Co-creation by Using a Marker as a Linguistic Constraint Tool in Shared Cognitive Representation Models
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Contribution Model of Conversation
  • 3 The Influence of Linguistic Constraint Tools on Reaching the Grounding Criterion
  • 4 Using a Marker in Shared Cognitive Representation Models as a Linguistic Constraint Tool
  • 5 Setup
  • 6 Methods
  • 6.1 Participants
  • 6.2 Apparatus and Stimuli
  • 6.3 Procedure
  • 6.4 Design
  • 7 Results
  • 8 Discussion and Conclusion
  • References
  • Does the Activation of Motor Information Affect Semantic Processing?
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Method
  • 2.1 Materials
  • 3 Participants
  • 4 Apparatus
  • 5 Design and Procedure
  • 6 Results
  • 7 Discussion
  • Appendix
  • References
  • Grounding Abstract Concepts in Action
  • 1 Introduction.
  • 2 The Semantic Representation of Action Verbs in the IMAGACT Ontology
  • 2.1 The Internal Structure of the IMAGACT Ontology
  • 2.2 The Primary Variation of Action Verbs
  • 2.3 The Representation of the Marked Variation of Action Verbs
  • 3 Body, Metaphors, and Metaphorical Projections of Image Schemas
  • 3.1 The Embodied Paradigm
  • 3.2 Conceptual Metaphor Theory
  • 3.3 Image Schema Theory
  • 4 Data and Methods
  • 5 Description of the Primary Variation of the Four Action Verbs
  • 5.1 The Primary Variation of the Verbs Premere and Spingere
  • 5.2 The Primary Variation of Tirare and Trascinare
  • 6 Description of the Marked Variation of the Four Action Verbs
  • 6.1 The Marked Variation of the Verbs Premere and Spingere
  • 6.2 The Marked Variation of the Verbs Tirare and Trascinare
  • 7 Discussion of the Results
  • 8 Conclusions
  • References.

Similar Items