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Radiation Monitoring and Dose Estimation of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Takahashi, Sentaro.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Tokyo : Springer Japan, 2014.
Edition:1st ed.
Subjects:
Electronic books.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Foreword I
  • Foreword II
  • Preface
  • Cooperators
  • Contents
  • Part I: Introduction
  • Chapter 1: Outline of the Environmental Monitoring of Tepco's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Exposure Pathways
  • 1.3 Environmental Monitoring
  • 1.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Outline of the Radiation Dose Estimation of Residents After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 External Dose Estimation
  • 2.3 Internal Dose Estimation
  • 2.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Part II: Overview
  • Chapter 3: Accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant: Sequences, Fission Products Released, Lessons Learned
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Basic Information
  • 3.3 Accident Sequences
  • 3.3.1 Before the Tsunami Attack
  • 3.3.2 After the Tsunami Attack
  • 3.3.3 Accident Sequence of Unit 1
  • 3.3.4 Accident Sequence of Unit 2
  • 3.3.5 Accident Sequence of Unit 3
  • 3.3.6 Spent Fuel Pools
  • 3.4 Release of Fission Products
  • 3.5 Lessons Learned
  • 3.6 Summary
  • References
  • Chapter 4: Some Comments on Dose Assessment for Members of the Public After the Fukushima Daiichi NPP Accident
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Implication of Dose Assessment
  • 4.3 Radiological Impact of the Fukushima Daiichi Accident
  • 4.3.1 Environmental Monitoring
  • 4.3.2 Dose Assessment
  • 4.3.3 Examples of Dose Assessments in Fukushima Prefecture
  • 4.3.3.1 External Dose
  • 4.3.3.2 Internal Dose
  • 4.3.3.3 Thyroid Dose
  • 4.3.4 Some Points Found in the Dose Assessments
  • 4.4 Effects of Radiation Exposure of Children
  • 4.4.1 Radiation Dose of Children
  • 4.4.2 Radiosensitivity of Children
  • 4.4.3 Effective Dose Adjusted by Age Weighting Factor for Radiation Protection
  • 4.5 Discussion
  • References
  • Part III: Radiation Survey of the Environment.
  • Chapter 5: Environmental Radiation Status In and Around Tokyo Immediately After the TEPCO Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Disaster
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Monitoring Activity and Data of Local Governments
  • 5.2.1 External Exposure
  • 5.2.1.1 Targets and Methods
  • 5.2.1.2 Data and Information
  • 5.2.2 Internal Exposure
  • 5.2.2.1 Targets and Methods
  • 5.2.2.2 Data and Information
  • 5.3 Monitoring Activity and Data of the University of Tokyo
  • 5.3.1 Targets and Methods
  • 5.3.2 Data and Information
  • Box 5.1 Members of the special corresponding team appointed to survey the environmental radiation status in the University of Tokyo
  • 5.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 6: Radiation Survey Along Two Trails in Mt. Fuji to Investigate the Radioactive Contamination Caused by TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant Accident
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Measurements
  • 6.3 Results and Discussions
  • 6.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 7: Development of a Carborne Survey System, KURAMA
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 KURAMA
  • 7.3 KURAMA-II
  • 7.4 Current Status and Future Prospects
  • References
  • Chapter 8: Radiation Measurement in East Japan in 2011 After the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Materials and Methods
  • 8.3 Results and Discussion
  • 8.3.1 Calibration
  • 8.3.2 Air Dose Rate
  • 8.3.2.1 Along Tohoku Expressway
  • 8.3.2.2 Tohoku Shinkansen
  • 8.3.2.3 Fukushima City
  • 8.3.2.4 Across Fukushima Prefecture
  • 8.3.3 Surface Contamination
  • 8.3.4 Radiation Exposure
  • 8.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Part IV: Environmental Radioactivity
  • Chapter 9: Distribution of Plutonium Isotopes in Marine Sediments off Japan Before and After the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: A Review
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Distribution of Pu Isotopes in the Marine Sediments off Japan Before the Accident.
  • 9.3 Distribution of Pu Isotopes in the Marine Sediments off Japan After the Accident
  • 9.3.1 Distribution of Pu Activities and Pu Inventories
  • 9.3.2 Pu Atom Ratios
  • 9.4 Sources of Pu Isotopes in Marine Sediments in the Western North Pacific off Japan
  • 9.4.1 Influence of the FDNPP Accident on Pu Distribution
  • 9.4.2 Resolving Global Fallout and PPG Close-In Fallout Pu
  • 9.5 Perspectives for Future Study
  • References
  • Chapter 10: Time Trend Change of Air Dose Rate on Paved Areas in Fukushima City After the Fukushima Daiichi NPP Accident
  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 Methods
  • 10.2.1 Measurement of the Radioactivity in Surface Soils
  • 10.2.2 Dose Rate Distribution Survey
  • 10.3 Results
  • 10.3.1 Measurement of the Radioactivity in Surface Soils
  • 10.3.2 Dose Rate Distribution Survey
  • 10.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 11: Observation of Radionuclides in Marine Biota off the Coast of Fukushima Prefecture After TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Accident
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Materials and Methods
  • 11.3 Results and Discussion
  • 11.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Part V: Transfer Models and/or Parameters
  • Chapter 12: Evaluating Removal of Radionuclides from Landfill Leachate Using Generally Practiced Wastewater Treatment Processes
  • 12.1 Introduction
  • 12.2 Materials and Methods
  • 12.2.1 Sample Collection
  • 12.2.2 Determination of Characteristics of Samples
  • 12.2.3 Determination of Physical and Chemical Forms of the Target Elements in Raw Leachate
  • 12.3 Results and Discussion
  • 12.3.1 Characteristics of the Samples
  • 12.3.2 Element Fractionation in the Raw Leachate Sample
  • 12.3.3 Element Concentration in Samples at Each Treatment Step
  • 12.4 Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 13: Studies on Radiocesium Transfer in Agricultural Plants in Fukushima Prefecture
  • 13.1 Objective.
  • 13.2 Effect of Potassium Application on Root Uptake of Radiocesium in Rice
  • 13.3 Phytoremediation of Radiocesium in Different Soils Using Cultivated Plants
  • References
  • Part VI: Source Estimation
  • Chapter 14: Investigation of Uncertainty in the Release Rates of 131 I and 137 Cs from Fukushima Dai-ichi NPS Estimated from Environmental Data
  • 14.1 Introduction
  • 14.2 Methods
  • 14.2.1 Release Rate Estimation
  • 14.2.2 Atmospheric Dispersion Model
  • 14.2.3 Environmental Monitoring Data
  • 14.2.4 Calculation Condition
  • 14.3 Results and Discussion
  • 14.3.1 Simplified Meteorological Condition
  • 14.3.2 Actual Meteorological Condition
  • 14.3.2.1 Release Rate Estimation
  • 14.3.2.2 Sensitivity Analysis on Deposition Parameters
  • 14.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 15: Source Term Estimation of 131 I and 137 Cs Discharged from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Atmosphere
  • 15.1 Introduction
  • 15.2 Method
  • 15.2.1 Reverse Estimation Method
  • 15.2.2 Environmental Monitoring Data
  • 15.2.3 Atmospheric Dispersion Simulation
  • 15.2.4 Reconstruction of Local Atmospheric Dispersion Process
  • 15.2.5 Radionuclides
  • 15.3 Results and Discussion
  • 15.3.1 Preliminary Source Term Estimation
  • 15.3.2 Detailed Analysis on the Local Atmospheric Dispersion Process
  • 15.3.3 Reestimation of Source Term for the Early Phase of the Accident
  • 15.3.4 Validation of Source Term by the Regional-Scale Atmospheric Dispersion Simulation
  • 15.3.5 Formation Processes of 137 Cs Deposition over Eastern Japan
  • 15.4 Conclusions
  • References
  • Part VII: Dose Assessment
  • Chapter 16: NIRS's Project for the Reconstruction of Early Internal Dose to Inhabitants in Fukushima After the Nuclear Disaster
  • 16.1 Introduction
  • 16.2 Measurement Data Collection
  • 16.2.1 Human Thyroid Measurements
  • 16.2.2 Human Whole-Body (WB) Measurements.
  • 16.2.3 Environmental Measurements
  • 16.3 Proposed Methods
  • 16.4 Discussion and Future Tasks
  • References
  • Chapter 17: Internal Radiation Dose of KURRI Volunteers Working at Evacuation Shelters After TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident
  • 17.1 Background
  • 17.2 Methods
  • 17.3 Results
  • 17.3.1 Initial Measurement of External Radiation and Internal Radiation Doses of Volunteers
  • 17.3.2 Follow-Up Data of Internal Doses for Two Volunteers
  • 17.4 Discussion
  • References
  • Chapter 18: Probabilistic Assessment of Doses to the Public Living in Areas Contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident
  • 18.1 Introduction
  • 18.2 Method
  • 18.2.1 Scope
  • 18.2.2 Probabilistic Techniques in Radiation Dose Assessment
  • 18.2.3 Models for Assessing Doses from External and Internal Exposures
  • 18.2.3.1 External Exposure to Deposited Radionuclides
  • 18.2.3.2 External Exposure to the Radioactive Cloud
  • 18.2.3.3 Internal Exposure Through Inhalation of Radionuclides
  • 18.2.4 Input Monitoring Data of the Surface Activity Density of 137 Cs
  • 18.3 Results and Discussion
  • 18.3.1 Estimated Effective Doses
  • 18.3.1.1 Effective Dose in the First Year After the Contamination Event
  • 18.3.1.2 Effective Lifetime Doses
  • 18.3.2 Contributions of Different Exposure Pathways
  • 18.4 Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 19: Reduction of External Exposure for Residents from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident by Weathering and Decontamination
  • 19.1 Introduction
  • 19.2 Methods
  • 19.3 Results and Discussion
  • 19.3.1 Air Dose Rates
  • 19.3.2 Personal Dose Equivalent for Residents
  • References.

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