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Economics of Land Degradation and Improvement - a Global Assessment for Sustainable Development.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Nkonya, Ephraim.
Other Authors: Mirzabaev, Alisher., von Braun, Joachim.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2015.
Edition:1st ed.
Subjects:
Electronic books.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Foreword
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • Abbreviations
  • 1 Economics of Land Degradation and Improvement: An Introduction and Overview
  • Abstract
  • Land Degradation: A Global Problem
  • Why Economics of Land Degradation and Improvement
  • Scale of Global Land Degradation
  • Costs of Action and Inaction
  • Policies for Global and Regional Consideration
  • Lessons Learnt and Implications
  • Taking Action Against Land Degradation Due to Land Use/Cover Change (LUCC)
  • Strengthening Community Participation for SLM
  • Enhancing Government Effectiveness and Rule of Law
  • Improving Access to Markets and Rural Services
  • Improving Land Tenure Security
  • Going Forward
  • References
  • 2 Concepts and Methods of Global Assessment of the Economics of Land Degradation and Improvement
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • The Conceptual Framework
  • The Methodological Framework
  • Analysis of Causes of Land Degradation
  • Cost and Benefits of Action Versus Inaction Against Land Degradation
  • Sampling Framework for Case Studies
  • Conclusions and Reflections
  • References
  • 3 Institutional Framework of (In)Action Against Land Degradation
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Review of Institutional Causes of Land Degradation
  • Analysis of the Cases
  • Analytical Framework: Layered Approach of Institutional Economic Analysis
  • Institutional Framework of Action Against Land Degradation
  • Building on Customs/Traditions, or ``L1 Actions''
  • Reforms of the Institutional Environment, or ``L2 Actions''
  • Reforms of Governance, or ``L3 Actions''
  • Improving Resource Allocation, or ``L4 Actions''
  • Explaining Actors' Land Use Decision
  • -Actor Oriented Approach
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • 4 Biomass Productivity-Based Mapping of Global Land Degradation Hotspots
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Literature Review
  • The Conceptual Framework.
  • Methodology and Data
  • Proxy Indicator Approach to Mapping of Degradation Hotspots
  • Long-Term Trend of Annual NDVI as the Proxy of Long-Term Biomass Productivity Decline
  • GIMMSg-NDVI Data
  • Results
  • Aggregating Annual Mean NDVI Time-Series (1982
  • 2006) (Step 1 in Fig. 4.1)
  • Masking Ineligible Pixels (Step 2 in Fig. 4.1)
  • Significant Trend of Annual Mean NDVI Over 1982
  • 2006 (25 Years) (Step 4 in Fig. 4.1)
  • Temporal Slope Metrics and Statistical Test
  • Significant Biomass Productivity Decline
  • Correction of Rainfall Variation Effect
  • Correction of Atmospheric Fertilization Effect (Step 5 in Fig. 4.1)
  • Calculate the Sub-component of AF-Driven Growth
  • Identification of Areas with Saturated NDVI and Relation to Land-Use/Cover Strata (Step 6 in Fig. 4.1)
  • Relation to Land Cover Strata
  • Potential Soil Degradation Masked by Fertilizer Application
  • Areas of Soil Improvement
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • 5 Evaluating Global Land Degradation Using Ground-Based Measurements and Remote Sensing
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Data
  • Methods
  • Results and Discussion
  • Comparisons to Past Work
  • Senegal Sample Sites
  • Niger Sample Sites
  • Additional Sample Sites
  • India Sample Sites
  • Uzbekistan Sample Sites
  • Tanzania Sample Sites
  • Ethiopia Sample Sites
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • 6 Global Cost of Land Degradation
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Previous Global Studies on the Costs of Land Degradation
  • Land Use Types and Their Characteristics
  • Definition and Classification of Terrestrial Biomes and Land Use/Cover Types
  • Forest
  • Grassland
  • Shrublands and Woodlands
  • Cropland
  • Bare Lands
  • Urban
  • Analytical Approach
  • Land Degradation Due to LUCC
  • Land Degradation Due to Use of Land Degrading Management Practices on a Static Cropland
  • Land Degradation on Static Grazing Land.
  • Total Cost of Land Degradation
  • Cost of Taking Action Against Land Degradation
  • Data
  • LUCC
  • Total Economic Value Data
  • TEV and Double-Counting Challenge
  • Comparison of TEV of Biomes Across Studies and with Conventional GDP
  • Land Degradation on Static Cropland
  • DSSAT Crop Simulation
  • Results
  • Who Bears the Burden of the Cost of Land Degradation?
  • Cost of Land Degradation Due to Use of Land Degrading Practices on Cropland
  • Cost of Land Degradation on Grazing Biomass
  • Summary of Cost of Land Degradation
  • Cost of Action Against land degradation
  • Conclusions and Policy Implications
  • Appendix
  • Countries, Sub-regions and Regions
  • References
  • 7 Global Drivers of Land Degradation and Improvement
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Literature Review
  • Methods and Data
  • Data
  • Results
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • 8 Global Estimates of the Impacts of Grassland Degradation on Livestock Productivity from 2001 to 2011
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Modeling Procedures
  • Identifying Land Degradation Hotspots in Grasslands
  • Deriving Grassland Productivity from Remote Sensing Imagery Data and Statistical Models
  • Gathering Datasets for Livestock Productivity
  • Estimating Changes in Livestock Productivity
  • Results and Discussion
  • Conclusions and Implications
  • References
  • 9 Economics of Land Degradation in Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Sustainable Land Management (SLM) Policies in SSA
  • Sustainable Development Policies
  • Input Subsidies
  • Agricultural Water Management Policies
  • Situation Analysis of AWM in SSA
  • Land Tenure
  • Government Effectiveness and Governance
  • Access to Market Infrastructure
  • Population
  • SLM Financing
  • Analytical Methods and Data
  • Drivers of Cropland Change and Cost of Land Degradation
  • Data
  • Extent of Land Degradation in SSA.
  • Cost of Land Degradation Due to LUCC
  • Land Degradation on Static Land
  • -Grazing Biomass
  • Econometric Results
  • Summary, Suggested Actions to Address Land Degradation, and Conclusion
  • Protection of Grasslands and Forests and Increase Their Productivity
  • Increase Government and Donor Funding to Support Land-Based Sectors
  • Increase Access to Markets
  • Improve Government Effectiveness and Land Tenure Security
  • Increase Adoption of ISFM
  • References
  • 10 Economics of Land Degradation in Central Asia
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Literature Review on Land Degradation in Central Asia
  • Extent of Land Degradation
  • Mapping Land Degradation Hotspots in Central Asia
  • Drivers of Land Degradation in Central Asia
  • Past Assessments of the Costs of Land Degradation
  • Conceptual Framework
  • Methods and Data Sources
  • Costs of Land Degradation
  • Drivers of Sustainable Land Management
  • Data
  • Results
  • Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics in the Region
  • Economic Impacts of Land Degradation
  • Costs of Land Degradation
  • Cost of Action to Address Land Degradation
  • Drivers of Land Degradation
  • Data Descriptives
  • Discussion
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • 11 Economics of Land Degradation in Argentina
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Natural Resource Management Policies in Argentina
  • Sustainable Land Management Enshrined in Argentina's Goal of Achieving Sustainable Development
  • Decentralized Natural Resource Management
  • Analytical Approach
  • Data
  • LUCC
  • Total Economic Value Data
  • Land Degradation on Static Cropland
  • DSSAT Crop Simulation
  • Land Degradation on Static Grasslands
  • Land-Use/Cover Change in Argentina
  • Results
  • Land Degradation Due to LUCC
  • Land Degradation Due to Loss of Wetlands
  • Land Degradation Due to Use of Land Degrading Practices on Soybean Maize, Rice and Wheat.
  • Land Degradation on Static Grasslands
  • Case Studies
  • Patagonia Rangelands and Merino Wool Production
  • Jacobacci Patagonia Case Study
  • Crop and Livestock Production in La Paz
  • Land Degradation in Southwest of Buenos Aires Province
  • La Rioja Case Study
  • Land Degradation Processes and Impacts on Ecosystem Services
  • Strategies for Addressing Land Degradation
  • Conclusions and Policy Implications
  • References
  • 12 Economics of Land Degradation and Improvement in Bhutan
  • Abstract
  • Introduction and Context
  • Bhutan's Opportunities and Challenges Related to Sustainable Land Management
  • Opportunities
  • Challenges
  • Study Background and Approach
  • Forest
  • Crops and Citrus
  • Livestock
  • Methodological Analysis and Data
  • Land Use Change
  • Landsat Land Cover Dataset, Covering the 1990
  • 2010 Period
  • Bhutan Land Cover Assessment, Covering the 1994
  • 2010 Period
  • Soil Erosion Analysis
  • Study Area
  • SWAT
  • Data Required for SWAT Analysis
  • Project Setup
  • Model Calibration and Validation
  • Spatial Distribution of Hydrologic Components by Subwatersheds
  • Economic Analysis of SLM
  • Factors Influencing Adoption of SLM Practices
  • Returns to SLM Practices
  • Economic Data Used
  • Cropland
  • Results
  • Land Use Change
  • Land Cover Change Classes
  • Impact of Land Use Change and Land Management on Soil Erosion
  • Sediment Results
  • Economic Analysis of SLM
  • Use and Drivers of Adoption of SLM Practices
  • Returns to SLM Practices
  • The Unholy Cross
  • Study Limitations and Gaps
  • Implications of the Results
  • References
  • 13 Economics of Land Degradation in China
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Review of Land Degradation Assessments in China
  • Cost of Land Degradation and Cost of Action and Inaction Against Land Degradation Due to Land Use/Cover Change in China
  • Cost of Land Degradation on Grazing Land.
  • Land Degradation on Static Cropland.

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