Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities Between Europe and Latin America.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: López-Roldán, Pedro.
Other Authors: Fachelli, Sandra.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2020.
Edition:1st ed.
Subjects:
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • About the Editors
  • Editors and Contributors
  • Part I: Introduction
  • Chapter 1: A General Model for the Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities Between Europe and Latin America
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 The INCASI Project
  • 1.3 The AMOSIT Model for the Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities Between Europe and Latin America
  • 1.3.1 Social Inequalities from a Comparative Perspective
  • 1.3.2 Analytical Model on Social Inequalities and Trajectories (AMOSIT)
  • 1.3.2.1 Inequalities in the Labour Market and Labour Trajectories
  • 1.3.2.2 Educational Inequalities
  • 1.3.2.3 Asymmetries in the Relationship Between Training and Employment
  • 1.3.2.4 Inequalities in Work and Family Life
  • 1.3.2.5 Social Inequalities, Migration and Space
  • 1.3.2.6 Uncertainty, Strategies, Resources and Capabilities
  • 1.3.2.7 Inequality of Opportunity: Intergenerational Social Mobility
  • 1.3.2.8 Linking the Thematic Lines of Research
  • 1.4 Structure and Contents of the Book
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Social Models for Dealing with Inequalities
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Conceptualisation
  • 2.2.1 Pre-distributive Institutions
  • 2.2.2 Post-distributive Institutions
  • 2.2.3 Coordinated and Uncoordinated Economies
  • 2.2.3.1 Strong Neo-Corporatism
  • 2.2.3.2 Mixed Coordination
  • 2.2.3.3 Uncoordinated Economies
  • 2.2.3.4 Latin America, the Burden of Informality
  • 2.3 Analysis Model
  • 2.4 Results: A Comparative Study
  • 2.4.1 Context and Trends of Inequalities 2007-2017
  • 2.4.1.1 Changes in Inequalities
  • 2.4.2 Comparison of Models: Differentiation Factors
  • 2.4.3 Similarities and Dissimilarities Between Social Models
  • 2.4.3.1 Cluster of Latin American Countries: Uncoordinated Informal Economies.
  • 2.4.3.2 Cluster of Neo-Corporatist Coordinated Economies
  • 2.4.3.3 Liberal Cluster: Uncoordinated Economies
  • 2.4.3.4 Cluster of Mixed or Semi-Coordinated Economies
  • 2.5 Conclusions
  • 2.5.1 European Trends in Pre-distributive Policies
  • 2.5.2 Discussion
  • References
  • Part II: Labour and Educational Inequalities
  • Chapter 3: Comparing Inequalities in the Labour Market from a Segmentation Perspective
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Characterisation of European and Latin American Labour Markets
  • 3.3 Inequality in the Labour Market from the Perspective of Segmentation
  • 3.4 Comparative Analysis of Labour Market Segmentation in Spain and Argentina
  • 3.4.1 The Context of the Spanish Labour Market
  • 3.4.2 The Context of the Argentinian Labour Market
  • 3.4.3 Analysis Model and Methodology
  • 3.4.4 Results of Segmentation Analysis in Spain and Argentina
  • 3.4.4.1 Labour Segmentation Factors
  • 3.4.4.2 Types of Labour Segmentation
  • 3.5 Conclusions
  • Appendix
  • References
  • Chapter 4: Education and Inequality in Finland, Spain and Brazil
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 International Comparison of Education
  • 4.3 Historical and Economic Context
  • 4.3.1 Educational Level
  • 4.3.2 PISA Results
  • 4.3.3 Unequal Opportunities in PISA and Social Origin
  • 4.4 Education in Finland
  • 4.4.1 Neoliberal Turn in Education Policies
  • 4.4.2 Education and (In)equality
  • 4.5 Educational Inequalities in Spain
  • 4.6 Brazil: A Maxi Educational Inequality
  • 4.6.1 A Triple Segregation
  • 4.6.2 Higher Education in Brazil
  • 4.7 Conclusions
  • Appendix
  • References
  • Chapter 5: Digital Revolution and Sociocultural Change
  • 5.1 Introduction: The Role of the Digital Economy and Policies to Universalise Its Positive Effects
  • 5.2 Methodology: Advantages and Limitations of a Comparison Between Countries
  • 5.3 Changes to Businesses, Employment and Everyday Life.
  • 5.3.1 In Businesses and Employment
  • 5.3.2 Everyday Life and Technologies (Internet, Mobile Phones, Digital Networks)
  • 5.4 Society's Possible Response to the Fourth Technological Revolution
  • 5.4.1 What Policies and Regulations Are Desirable in Relation to Employment?
  • 5.4.2 A New Concept of School and Education Is Required
  • 5.4.3 Elements for Understanding the Sociocultural Change that Will Come with the Technological Revolution
  • 5.5 Conclusions
  • References
  • Press Links
  • Part III: Social Stratification and Mobility
  • Chapter 6: The Measurement of Social Stratification: Comparative Perspectives Between Europe and Latin America
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Comparative and Historical Overviews
  • 6.3 A Theoretical-Methodological Framework for Comparative Social Stratification
  • 6.4 Class Structure by Sex in European and Latin American INCASI Countries
  • 6.5 Compared Social Classes: Method and Contrast of Contents
  • 6.5.1 Income
  • 6.5.2 Seniority in Employment
  • 6.5.3 Labour Market Sectors and Company Size
  • 6.5.4 Education
  • 6.5.5 Subjective Perception of Income
  • 6.6 Validation of Social Classes Through Latent Class Analysis
  • 6.7 Conclusions
  • Appendix: Main Characteristics of the Data Sources
  • References
  • Chapter 7: Social Mobility from a Comparative Perspective Between Europe and Latin America
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives and Previous Studies in Europe and Latin America
  • 7.2.1 Social Mobility in Industrialised Countries
  • 7.2.2 Social Mobility and Development in Latin America
  • 7.3 Definitions, Data and Methodology
  • 7.3.1 Definition of Social Classes
  • 7.3.2 Data
  • 7.3.3 Models and Techniques
  • 7.3.3.1 Absolute Mobility
  • 7.3.3.2 Relative Mobility: Rigidity and Fluidity
  • 7.3.3.3 Relative Mobility: Distances Between Social Classes
  • 7.4 Results
  • 7.4.1 Absolute Mobility.
  • 7.4.2 Relative Mobility: Rigidity and Fluidity
  • 7.4.3 Social Distances
  • 7.4.3.1 Relative Mobility: Distances Between Intra-Country RCII Classes
  • 7.4.3.2 Distances Between Inter-Country RCII Classes
  • 7.4.3.3 Distances Between RCII Classes: Inheritance
  • 7.5 Summary and Conclusions
  • 7.6 Discussion
  • Appendix 7.1 Characteristics of the Sample Used and Employment Rates Per Country and Year
  • Appendix 7.2 Vertical Mobility in 3 Macro-Classes (I + II
  • III a VI and VIIa+VIIb)
  • Appendix 7.3 Distance in Odds Ratio Between Inter-Country Classes. Access by Farm Labourers to Other Classes
  • References
  • Chapter 8: Migration and Social Mobility Between Argentina and Spain: Climbing the Social Hierarchy in the Transnational Space
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 The Migration-Social Mobility Connection: An Issue for Debate
  • 8.3 Methodological Challenges: Data and Analysis Techniques
  • 8.4 Migrations in Spain and Argentina Within the Regional Context (Europe and Latin America): A Tale of Comings and Goings
  • 8.5 Immigration and Social Mobility in Argentina and Spain
  • 8.6 The Social Mobility Strategies of Migrant Families Addressed Through Compared Case Analysis: Comings and Goings Between Galicia and Buenos Aires
  • 8.7 Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 9: Changes in Economic Inequality in Europe and Latin America in the First Decades of the Twenty-First Century
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Conceptualizations
  • 9.3 Comparative Study of Countries from Latin America and Europe
  • 9.4 Relation Between Inequality and the Primary and Secondary Sources of Income Distribution
  • 9.5 Factorial and Temporal Breakdown of Inequality
  • 9.6 Conclusions
  • References
  • Part IV: Life Trajectories and Gender Inequality
  • Chapter 10: Theoretical-Methodological Elements for Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities in Life Courses.
  • 10.1 The Longitudinal Dimension of Social Inequalities
  • 10.1.1 Study of Inequalities: Between Structure and Social Action
  • 10.1.2 Life Course Transitions as Excellent Vantage Points for Observing Inequalities and Social Protection Actions
  • 10.2 A Qualitative and Comparative Narrative-Biographical Perspective
  • 10.2.1 The Narrative-Biographical Approach
  • 10.2.2 Case Studies as a Strategy for the Analysis of Comparative Life Stories
  • 10.3 Application of the Theoretical-Methodological Proposal to the Comparison of Career Paths in Argentina and Spain
  • 10.3.1 Brief Presentation of the Research Conducted in Argentina and Spain
  • 10.3.2 Intra-Configurative Biographical Analysis: Presentation of the Case Studies
  • 10.3.2.1 Case 1: Enrique's Career Path
  • 10.3.2.2 Case 2: Rubén's Career Path
  • 10.3.2.3 Case 3: Andrés' Career Path
  • 10.3.2.4 Case 4: Begoña's Career Path
  • 10.3.3 The Inter-Configurative Biographical Analysis: Case Comparison as an Analytical Key
  • 10.4 Final Thoughts. The Development of an International Comparative Perspective Based on Analysis of Unequal Life Courses
  • Appendix 1. Enrique (49): Craft Worker-Crane Operator
  • Appendix 2. Rubén (44). Precariousness Path without a Craft
  • Appendix 3. Andrés (46): Craft Worker-Subway Company
  • Appendix 4. Begoña (38): Precariousness Path without a Craft-Retailing Company
  • References
  • Chapter 11: Social Times, Reproduction and Social Inequality at Work: Contrasts and Comparative Perspectives Between Countries
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Theoretical-Methodological Considerations
  • 11.3 General Comparative Overview of the Countries
  • 11.4 Comparative Analysis of the Gaps in Domestic and Care Work
  • 11.5 Analysis Results
  • 11.6 Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 12: Recent Evolutions of Gender, State Feminism and Care Models in Latin America and Europe.
  • 12.1 Introduction.