Table of Contents: Patterns of Change in 18th-Century English :

Patterns of Change in 18th-Century English : A Sociolinguistic Approach.

Eighteenth-century English is often associated with normative grammar. But to what extent did prescriptivism impact ongoing processes of linguistic change? Basing their work on a variationist sociolinguistic approach, the authors introduce models and methods used to trace the progress of linguistic...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Nevalainen, Terttu.
Other Authors:	Palander-Collin, Minna., Säily, Tanja.
Format:	eBook
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam/Philadelphia : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018.
Edition:	1st ed.
Series:	Advances in Historical Sociolinguistics Series
Subjects:	Electronic books.
Online Access:	Click to View

Table of Contents:

Intro
Patterns of Change in 18th-century English
Editorial page
Title page
LCC data
Table of contents
Preface and acknowledgments
Contributors
Part I. Introduction and background
Chapter 1. Approaching change in 18th-century English
1.1 Preamble
1.2 Past work: material and method
1.3 Trajectories of change between 1400 and 1680
1.4 Aims and scope of this volume
1.5 Material, methods and syntheses
Chapter 2. Society and culture in the long 18th century
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Political life
2.3 Demography and urbanization
2.4 Social stratification
2.5 Literacy
2.6 Cultural climate
2.7 Conclusion
Range of writers in the CEECE
Polite society and rhetoric
Chapter 3. Grammar writing in the eighteenth century
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Grammar production
3.3 Towards vernacular education
3.3.1 A practical grammar, a commodity
3.3.2 Target audience
3.4 Morphology and syntax in eighteenth-century grammars
3.4.1 Divisions of grammar
3.4.2 Awareness of variation and change
3.4.3 Case studies
3.5 Postscript
Acknowledgments
Chapter 4. The Corpus of Early English Correspondence Extension (CEECE)
4.1 The CEEC project and the CEEC family of corpora
4.2 Corpus compilation
4.3 Coverage (representativeness and balance)
4.3.1 Diachronic and quantitative coverage
4.3.2 Gender balance
4.3.3 Social ranks
4.3.4 Regional coverage
4.4 Coding
4.4.1 Letter quality
4.4.2 Relationship between writer and recipient (register)
4.5 Corpus formats and external databases
4.6 Copyright and publication
Data retrieval
Mikko Hakala
Acknowledgments
Chapter 5. Research methods: Periodization and statistical techniques
5.1 Quantifying change
5.1.1 Need for multiple methods
5.1.2 Periodizing processes of change.
5.2 Basic methods for estimating frequencies
5.3 Methods for studying changes lacking a variable
5.3.1 Introduction
5.3.2 Method 1: accumulation curves and permutation testing
5.3.3 Method 2: beanplots and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test
5.3.4 Addendum: multiple hypothesis testing
Acknowledgments
Part II. Studies
Chapter 6. "Ungenteel" and "rude"?: On the use of thou in the eighteenth century
6.1 Introduction
6.2 A short history of the rise and fall of thou
6.2.1 The pre-eighteenth-century use of thou
6.2.2 Eighteenth-century grammars on the use of thou
6.3 Thou in eighteenth-century letters
6.4 Thou on closer view
6.4.1 The contextual use of thou
6.4.2 The most prolific "thouer": Ignatius Sancho in focus
6.5 The use of thou in CEECE
6.5.1 The influence of social and linguistic norms
6.5.2 A marker of status and intimacy - and of interpersonal identity?
6.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Chapter 7. Going to completion: The diffusion of verbal ‑s
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Verbal ‑s before the long 18th century
7.2.1 Interconnected processes
7.2.2 Past corpus evidence
7.3 New results
7.3.1 Time course of change
7.3.2 Gender variation
7.3.3 Social status variation
7.4 Polarization of individuals
7.4.1 Conservative minority
7.4.2 Two case studies: Thomas Browne and John Clift
7.5 Normative grammar
7.6 Conclusions
Appendix
Chapter 8. Periphrastic do in eighteenth-century correspondence: Emphasis on no social variation
8.1 Introduction
8.2 From periphrastic do to do-support
8.2.1 Periphrastic do before the eighteenth century
8.2.2 do in the eighteenth century
8.2.3 Present-day English do-support
8.2.4 The construction studied
8.3 General development of do in CEECE
8.3.1 do and social variation
8.4 Frequent linguistic contexts.
8.4.1 Subject type
8.4.2 Type of main verb
8.4.3 Adverbials with do
8.4.4 Cross-tabulating subject type and main verb
8.5 Towards do-support
8.6 Conclusion
Chapter 9. Indefinite pronouns with singular human reference: Recessive and ongoing
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Diachronic overview
9.3 Social embedding
9.3.1 Gender
9.3.2 Age and social status
9.3.3 Region
9.4 Discussion on the new evidence from correspondence
9.5 Conclusions
Appendix
Chapter 10. Ongoing change: The diffusion of the third-person neuter possessive its
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The third-person neuter possessive singular paradigm
10.3 Earlier sociolinguistic research
10.4 Results
10.4.1 Time course of change
10.4.2 Age
10.4.3 Social status variation
10.4.4 Gender variation
10.4.5 Regional variation
10.4.6 Conservative/progressive individuals?
10.5 Normative grammars
10.6 Conclusion
Appendix
Chapter 11. Incipient and intimate: The progressive aspect
11.1 Introduction
11.2 The progressive in Late Modern English
11.3 Diachronic developments in CEECE
11.4 Gender
11.5 Social rank
11.6 Register
11.7 Outliers
11.8 Conclusion
Chapter 12. Change or variation? Productivity of the suffixes ‑ness and ‑ity
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Theoretical background
12.3 Previous research
12.4 Research questions
12.5 Results
12.5.1 Overall trends
12.5.2 Social categories
12.5.3 Case studies
12.5.4 Normative grammar
12.6 Conclusion
Part III. Changes in retrospect
Chapter 13. Zooming out: Overall frequencies and Google books
13.1 Normalised frequencies of the phenomena studied
13.2 Google books: A shortcut to studying language variability?
Chapter 14. Conservative and progressive individuals
14.1 Definition of outlier
14.2 Analysis
14.3 Conclusion.
Chapter 15. Changes in different stages
15.1 Introduction
15.2 From incipient to mid-range and beyond
15.2.1 Time courses of change
15.2.2 Sociolinguistic patterns
15.2.3 Issues of change in productivity
15.3 From nearing completion to completed
15.3.1 Time courses of change
15.3.2 Sociolinguistic patterning of recessive variants
15.3.3 Changing indexicalities
Chapter 16. A wider sociolinguistic perspective
16.1 Rate and phase of change
16.2 Social patterns
16.2.1 Gender
16.2.2 Social status
16.2.3 Region
16.2.4 Real and apparent time
16.3 Social evaluation and register
16.4 The problem of continuation
16.5 Historical backprojection?
References
Appendix: Editions in the Corpora of Early English Correspondence
Index.

Patterns of Change in 18th-Century English : A Sociolinguistic Approach.

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