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Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks - from Hagedorn Temperature to Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at CERN : With a Tribute to Rolf Hagedorn.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Rafelski, Johann.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2015.
Edition:1st ed.
Subjects:
Electronic books.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • Acronyms
  • Part I Reminiscences: Rolf Hagedorn and Relativistic Heavy Ion Research
  • 1 Spotlight on Rolf Hagedorn
  • 1.1 Working with Hagedorn
  • Meeting Hagedorn
  • A Short Story About Hagedorn Temperature
  • Hot Nuclear Matter in the Statistical Bootstrap Model
  • Higher Level Computer Language
  • Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
  • Strangeness and the Discovery of Quark-Gluon Plasma
  • Retirement
  • 1.2 The Righteous Man
  • Helping Those in Need
  • Le Chambon: A Short Story Outside the Physics Context
  • 1.3 Rolf Hagedorn: Biographical Information
  • Rolf Hagedorn Curriculum Vitae 1954
  • CERN Appointment
  • CERN Obituary: Rolf Hagedorn 1919-2003
  • 2 Rolf Hagedorn: The Years Leading to TH
  • 2.1 CERN Theory Division in 1960s
  • 2.2 Hagedorn's Path to and at CERN
  • The War Years
  • At Göttingen
  • At CERN
  • 2.3 Appreciation
  • 3 Music and Science: Tribute to Rolf Hagedorn
  • 3.1 Personal Remarks
  • Visit to India
  • Art and Music
  • 3.2 Contribution to Research
  • Thermal Particle Production
  • Limiting Temperature
  • Statistical Bootstrap Model
  • 3.3 Active Retirement
  • 4 On Hagedorn
  • 4.1 In Times Past
  • 4.2 Wide Field of Interests
  • 4.3 Retrospective
  • 5 Hungarian Perspective
  • 5.1 Influence Spreads to Hungary
  • 5.2 Memories by István Montvay
  • 5.3 Tamás Biró Grows up with Hagedorn
  • 5.4 Hagedorn Remembered
  • 6 The Tale of the Hagedorn Temperature
  • 6.1 Particle Production
  • 6.2 The Statistical Bootstrap Model
  • 6.3 Quark-Gluon Plasma
  • 7 The Legacy of Rolf Hagedorn: Statistical Bootstrap and Ultimate Temperature
  • 7.1 Rolf Hagedorn
  • 7.2 The Statistical Bootstrap
  • 7.3 The Limiting Temperature of Hadronic Matter
  • 7.4 Resonance Gas and QCD Thermodynamics
  • 7.5 Resonance Gas and Heavy Ion Collisions.
  • 7.6 Particle Yields and Canonical Charge Conservation
  • 7.7 Concluding Remarks
  • References
  • 8 The Hagedorn Spectrum and the Dual Resonance Model: An Old Love Affair
  • Preamble
  • 8.1 A Surprise That Should Not Have Been One
  • 8.2 From TH to the String
  • 8.3 Crisis, Reinterpretations
  • 8.4 Many Years Later …
  • Conclusion
  • 9 Hadronic Matter: The Moscow Perspective
  • 9.1 The Beginning
  • Cosmic Rays and Landau
  • Multiperipheral Collisions
  • 9.2 Hot Hadron Matter
  • Photons and Leptons
  • Quark-Gluon Plasma
  • Cherenkov Radiation
  • Correlations and Fluctuations
  • Charm
  • 9.3 Open Questions
  • Appreciation
  • References
  • 10 Hagedorn Model of Critical Behavior: Comparison of Lattice and SBM Calculations
  • 10.1 Rolf Hagedorn: Some Personal Impressions
  • 10.2 Critical Behavior of Hadronic Matter
  • Critical Curve from the Lattice Calculations
  • Critical Curve from the Statistical Bootstrap Model
  • Comparison of SBM and Lattice-QCD
  • 10.3 Conclusions
  • References
  • 11 Hagedorn's Hadron Mass Spectrum andthe Onset of Deconfinement
  • 11.1 Hadron Mass Spectrum and the Hagedorn Temperature
  • 11.2 Discovery of the Onset of Deconfinement
  • References
  • 12 Begin of the Search for the Quark-Gluon Plasma
  • 12.1 The Beginning
  • Bevalac and ISR
  • SPS and RHIC Programs Take Shape
  • 12.2 Quark-Gluon Plasma Discovered
  • New Instrumentation
  • Experiments
  • 13 The Path to Heavy Ions at LHC and Beyond
  • 13.1 Work at the Bevalac
  • 13.2 …and at the SPS
  • 13.3 How Heavy Ions Got into LHC and the ALICE Was Born
  • 13.4 Future Facilities
  • 13.5 Epilogue
  • 14 A New Phase of Matter: Quark-Gluon Plasma Beyond the Hagedorn Critical Temperature
  • 14.1 From Hagedorn to Quark-Gluon Plasma
  • Deconfinement of Quarks and Gluons
  • Lattice QCD Results
  • Hot Nuclear Matter
  • 14.2 Path to Discovery of the QGP
  • QGP Observables
  • SPS Results.
  • Experiments at RHIC
  • Experiments at LHC
  • Beam Energy Scan at RHIC
  • Next Steps
  • 14.3 Outlook and Conclusions
  • References
  • 15 Reminscenses of Rolf Hagedorn
  • 15.1 Many Years Ago
  • 15.2 The Heavy Ion Era at CERN Begins
  • 15.3 Experiments WA85-WA94-WA97-NA57
  • 15.4 The Other Hagedorn
  • References
  • Part II The Hagedorn Temperature
  • 16 Boiling Primordial Matter: 1968
  • 16.1 The Large and the Small in the Universe
  • The New Situation: Multiparticle Production in High Energy Physics
  • Black Body Radiation
  • 16.2 Highest Temperature = The Boiling Pointof Primordial Matter?
  • 16.3 Is the Question About the ``Final Building Block''Meaningless?
  • Possible Consequences in the Large?
  • 17 The Long Way to the Statistical Bootstrap Model: 1994
  • 17.1 Introduction
  • 17.2 From 1936 to 1965
  • Fireballs
  • Multiple Production: Heisenberg (1936)
  • Dulles-Walker Variables (1954)
  • `Constant' Mean Transverse Momentum (1956)
  • The Two-Centre Model (1958)
  • Conclusion: Fireballs with Limited &lt
  • p&gt
  • Exist
  • Statistical and Thermodynamical Methods
  • Bohr's Compound Nucleus (1936)
  • The Weisskopf Evaporation Model (1937)
  • Koppe's Attempt and the Fermi Statistical Model (1948/1950)
  • Beth-Uhlenbeck, Belenkij (1937/1956)
  • The CERN Statistical Model (1958-1962)
  • The Decisive Turn of the Screw: Large-Angle Elastic Scattering
  • Statistical Model Description of Large-Angle Elastic Scattering
  • Thermal Description
  • Exponential or Not?
  • Asymptotics of Momentum Space
  • Interpretation: Distinguishable Particles and Pomeranchuk's Ansatz
  • 17.3 The Statistical Bootstrap Model (SBM)
  • A Few Well-Known Formulae
  • Introducing the Statistical Bootstrap Hypothesis
  • The Solution
  • Further Developments
  • 17.4 Some Further Remarks
  • The Difficulty in Killing an Exponential Spectrum
  • What is the Value of T0?.
  • Where Is Landau, Where Are the Californian Bootstrappers?
  • 17.5 Conclusion
  • Post Scriptum
  • References
  • 18 About `Distinguishable Particles'
  • 18.1 Withdrawn Manuscript
  • 18.2 Note by Rolf Hagedorn of 27 October 1964
  • 18.3 From Distinguishable Hadrons to SBM
  • 18.4 Hagedorn Temperature as a General Physics Concept
  • 19 Thermodynamics of Distinguishable Particles: A Key to High-Energy Strong Interactions?
  • 19.1 Introduction
  • 19.2 Statistical Thermodynamics of Distinguishable Particles
  • 19.3 The Interpretation of the Model
  • 19.4 Speculations on a More Realistic Model
  • Angular Distribution and Multiplicity
  • The Case of Nonzero Mass
  • A Speculation on the Mass Spectrum of `Fireballs'
  • Elastic and Exchange Scattering
  • A Logical Difficulty of the Model
  • 19.5 Summary and Conclusions
  • Appendix 1
  • Appendix 2
  • References
  • 20 On the Hadronic Mass Spectrum
  • References
  • 21 On the Hadronic Mass Spectrum: 2014
  • 21.1 Data and Hadron Mass Spectrum
  • Fits of Hadron Mass Spectrum
  • The Value of the Power Index `a'
  • 21.2 Quarks and QCD
  • Lattice-QCD Trace Anomaly Constraint
  • Quark Bags and the Hadron Mass Spectrum
  • References
  • 22 SBM Guide to the Literature as of June 1972
  • References
  • 23 Thermodynamics of Hot Nuclear Matter: 1978 in the Statistical Bootstrap Model
  • 23.1 Introduction
  • Plan of the Paper
  • 23.2 The Statistical Bootstrap Method in Particle and Nuclear Physics
  • The Statistical Bootstrap Model in Particle Physics
  • Solution of the Bootstrap Equation
  • The Nuclear Matter Bootstrap Equation
  • The Mass Spectrum for Nuclear Matter
  • Laplace and L-Transforms of the Mass Spectrum
  • 23.3 Thermodynamics
  • The Partition Functions of the One-Component Ideal Gas
  • The Strongly Interacting Pion Gas
  • Physics Near T0
  • Thermodynamics of Clustered Matter
  • Partition Function of Nuclear Matter.
  • 23.4 Properties of Nuclear Matter in the Bootstrap Model
  • The Different Phases
  • Baryon Density in the Gaseous Phase
  • Baryon Energy in the Gaseous Phase
  • 23.5 Summary
  • References
  • 24 On a Possible Phase Transition Between Hadron Matter and Quark-Gluon Matter: 1981
  • 24.1 Introduction
  • 24.2 The Grand Canonical Pressure Partition Function
  • Introduction
  • How Shall We Use Π(β,ξ,λ)?
  • 24.3 The Hadron Gas
  • Introduction
  • Digression: The Pointlike Hadron Gas
  • The Real Hadron Gas
  • Interpretation
  • The Usual Thermodynamic Limit with Fixed V→∞
  • Hot Hadron Matter: No Fixed Volume
  • 24.4 Conclusions
  • References
  • 25 How We Got to QCD Matter from the Hadron Side: 1984
  • 25.1 Introduction
  • 25.2 Pre-bootstrap
  • 25.3 Early Bootstrap
  • The Bootstrap Idea
  • Consequences
  • Difficulties
  • Early Developments
  • Microcanonical Bootstrap
  • Exact Analytical Solutions of the BE
  • The Bootstrap Function
  • The State of Affairs up to 1978
  • 25.4 The Phase Transition: Hadron Matter-Quark Matter
  • Hadron Volumes
  • References
  • Part III Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks Heavy Ion Path to Quark-Gluon Plasma
  • 26 How to Deal withRelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
  • 26.1 Introduction
  • 26.2 Collective Motions
  • Useful Variables
  • Momentum Distributions
  • Determination of the Weight Function F(λ,γ0)
  • Violations of the Postulates 1 and 2
  • (a) Transverse Collective Motions
  • (b) Violation of Postulate 2
  • 26.3 Statistical Bootstrap Thermodynamics
  • The Partition Function
  • Interaction
  • The Bootstrap Hypothesis
  • The Singularity of the Partition Function: Baryon Conservation
  • The Partition Function for Real (Extended) Particles
  • Properties of the Real Hadron Gas
  • Behaviour Near the Critical Curve
  • 26.4 Is There Equilibrium in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision?
  • The Way to Equilibrium
  • Expansion and Cooling.
  • 26.5 Conclusions.

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