Austenitic TRIP/TWIP Steels and Steel-Zirconia Composites : Design of Tough, Transformation-Strengthened Composites and Structures.
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cham :
Springer International Publishing AG,
2020.
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| Edition: | 1st ed. |
| Series: | Springer Series in Materials Science Series
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Click to View |
Table of Contents:
- Intro
- Preface
- Contents
- Contributors
- 1 Ceramic Casting Technologies for Fine and Coarse Grained TRIP-Matrix-Composites
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Experimental Details
- 1.2.1 Raw Materials
- 1.2.2 Sample Preparation
- 1.2.3 Characterization of the Composite Materials
- 1.3 Results and Discussion
- 1.3.1 Development of TRIP-Matrix Composites via Powder Metallurgy
- 1.3.2 Development of TRIP-Matrix Composites via Metal Melt Infiltration of Ceramic Preforms
- 1.3.3 Development of Ceramic Matrix Composites via Powder Metallurgy
- 1.3.4 Development of Ceramic Components Using Alternative Technologies
- 1.4 Summary
- References
- 2 Design of High Alloy Austenitic CrMnNi Steels Exhibiting TRIP/TWIP Properties
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Experimental Methods
- 2.3 Austenitic CrMnNi Cast Steels
- 2.3.1 Constitution and Special Methods
- 2.3.2 Initial Microstructures of 16-7-3/6/9 Steels
- 2.3.3 Mechanical Properties of 16-7-3/6/9 Steels
- 2.3.4 Conclusions for the 1st Generation Steels
- 2.4 Austenitic CrMnNi-C-N Cast Steels
- 2.4.1 Constitution and Special Methods
- 2.4.2 Initial Cast Microstructures of the Steel Series
- 2.4.3 Austenite ↔ ατ̔̈2032;-Martensite Transformation Behavior
- 2.4.4 Mechanical Properties of Cr15NC10.X Steel Series
- 2.4.5 Mechanical Properties of Cr19NC15.X Steel Series
- 2.4.6 Conclusions for the 2nd Generation Steels
- 2.5 Q&
- P Processing of Austenitic CrMnNi-C-N Cast Steels
- 2.5.1 Constitution and Special Methods
- 2.5.2 Q&
- P Processing of Cr15NC12.16 Steel
- 2.5.3 QDP Processing of Cr19NC14.16 Steel
- 2.5.4 Conclusions for the 3rd Generation Steels
- 2.6 Conclusions
- References
- 3 Tailoring of Thermophysical Properties of New TRIP/TWIP Steel Alloys to Optimize Gas Atomization
- 3.1 Surface Tension and Density of the TRIP/TWIP Steels.
- 3.2 Control of Atomization by the Thermophysical Properties of the Atomized Media
- 3.2.1 Investigation of the Effect of Surface Tension on Inert Gas Atomization
- 3.2.2 Effect of the Viscosity of Liquid Metal on the Inert Gas Atomization
- 3.3 Density of Nitrogen Alloyed Steels
- 3.3.1 Development of Density Measurement Cell
- 3.3.2 Atomization of Nitrogen Alloyed Steels
- 3.4 Analysis of Gas Atomization Process
- 3.4.1 Temperatures of the Particles
- 3.4.2 Image Processing
- 3.4.3 Velocity of the Particles
- 3.4.4 New Geometry and a Set-Up for an Inert Gas Atomization
- 3.5 Conclusions
- References
- 4 Production of Ceramic Steel Composite Castings Through Infiltration
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Thermal and Chemical Interactions Between Casted High Alloyed TRIP-Steel and Molding Systems
- 4.2.1 Solidification Time Depending on the Molding Sand
- 4.2.2 Chemical Interactions Between Steel and Mold
- 4.3 Influence of the Ceramic Preheating Temperature and Phosphorus as Alloying Element on the Infiltration Quality
- 4.4 Wear Properties of ZrO2-Based Metal-Matrix-Composites
- 4.4.1 Three-Body Abrasive Test
- 4.4.2 Microscopy of the MMC
- 4.5 Infiltration of Loose Ceramic Particles with Steel and Their Wear Behavior
- 4.5.1 Static Infiltration of Loose Ceramic Particles
- 4.5.2 Dynamic Infiltration of Loose Ceramic Particles
- 4.6 Conclusions
- References
- 5 Ceramic Extrusion Technologies for Fine Grained TRIP Matrix Composite Materials
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Experimental Details
- 5.2.1 Plastic Processing of Steel/Zirconia Composite Materials
- 5.2.2 Composite Variants with Additions of Zirconia and/or Aluminium Titanate
- 5.2.3 Innovative Joining of Powder Metallurgically Processed TRIP/TWIP Steel Materials
- 5.3 Results and Discussion
- 5.3.1 Characteristics of Materials Prepared via Plastic Processing.
- 5.3.2 Effect of Zirconia and Aluminium Titanate on the Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials
- 5.3.3 Joining of Zirconia Reinforced MMCs
- 5.4 Conclusions
- References
- 6 Understanding of Processing, Microstructure and Property Correlations During Different Sintering Treatments of TRIP-Matrix-Composites
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Materials and Methods
- 6.3 Results
- 6.3.1 Conventional Sintering
- 6.3.2 Resistance Sintering
- 6.3.3 Hot Pressing
- 6.4 Conclusions
- References
- 7 Understanding of Processing, Microstructure and Property Correlations for Flat Rolling of Presintered TRIP-Matrix Composites
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Materials and Methods
- 7.3 Results
- 7.3.1 Heating and Dissolution of Precipitates
- 7.3.2 Strain Hardening and Its Partitioning Between the Present Phases of the Composite
- 7.3.3 Strain Softening
- 7.3.4 Formability
- 7.3.5 Material Flow During Rolling
- 7.4 Conclusions
- References
- 8 Powder Forging of Presintered TRIP-Matrix Composites
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Materials and Methods
- 8.3 Results
- 8.3.1 Determination of Material- and Process-Dependent Parameters
- 8.3.2 Determination of Shrinkage
- 8.3.3 Poisson's Ratio as a Function of Density
- 8.3.4 Relationship Between Young's Modulus and Density
- 8.3.5 Oxidation Behavior
- 8.3.6 Process Map Extension for Compressible and Graded Materials
- 8.4 Model Experiments on Powder Forging
- 8.4.1 Visioplastic Method
- 8.4.2 Metallographic Examination
- 8.4.3 Formation of the Interfaces of Phases
- 8.4.4 Mechanical Properties
- 8.4.5 Shear Strength of the Layers with a Graded Layer Structure
- 8.5 Conclusions
- References
- 9 Synthesis of TRIP Matrix Composites by Field Assisted Sintering Technology-Challenges and Results
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Experimental Methods
- 9.3 Results and Discussion.
- 9.3.1 Influence of the Composite Powder on the Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of the Sintered Composite
- 9.3.2 Influence of Sintering Parameters on the Microstructure and the Mechanical Properties of the Sintered Composite
- 9.3.3 Sintering of Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) by FAST
- 9.4 Conclusions
- References
- 10 Electron Beam Technologies for the Joining of High Alloy TRIP/TWIP Steels and Steel-Matrix Composites
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Materials and Methodology
- 10.2.1 Electron Beam Facility and Temperature Measurements
- 10.2.2 Base Materials
- 10.2.3 Microstructural Characterization
- 10.2.4 Mechanical Characterization
- 10.2.5 Non-destructive Testing
- 10.2.6 Electron Beam Welding of Similar Joints Without Reinforcement
- 10.2.7 Electron Beam Welding of Similar Joints with Reinforcement
- 10.3 Electron Beam Welding of Dissimilar Joints with TWIP-Matrix Composites
- 10.3.1 Typical Microstructure of the Welded Zone
- 10.3.2 Influence of Beam Parameters on the Weld Quality
- 10.3.3 Verification of Welding Defects
- 10.3.4 Mechanical Characterization
- 10.4 Electron Beam Brazing of TWIP-Matrix Composites
- 10.4.1 Macroscopic Phenomena
- 10.4.2 Microscopic Characterization
- 10.4.3 Tensile Tests
- 10.5 Summary
- References
- 11 Microstructure Aspects of the Deformation Mechanisms in Metastable Austenitic Steels
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Fundamental Microstructure Defects, Their Activity and Configurations in Austenitic Steels
- 11.2.1 Dislocations and Stacking Faults in fcc Materials
- 11.2.2 Dislocations and Stacking Faults in Austenitic Steels, Their Configurations and Interactions
- 11.2.3 Arrangement of the Stacking Faults in Austenite: Formation of ε-Martensite and Twinned Austenite
- 11.3 Formation of ατ̔̈2032;-Martensite.
- 11.4 Quantification of Microstructure Features and Microstructure Defects in TRIP/TWIP Steels, Determination of the Stacking Fault Energy in Austenite
- 11.4.1 Experimental Methods for Quantitative Microstructure Analysis
- 11.4.2 Methods for Determination of the Stacking Fault Energy (SFE) in fcc Crystals
- 11.4.3 In Situ Diffraction Studies on TRIP/TWIP Steels During Plastic Deformation
- 11.5 Interplay of Deformation Mechanisms, Development of Deformation Microstructure
- 11.5.1 Interaction of Microstructure Defects in Deformation Bands
- 11.5.2 Orientation Dependence of the Stacking Fault and Deformation Band Formation
- 11.5.3 Dependence of the Deformation Mechanisms on Local Chemical Composition and Temperature
- 11.6 Conclusions
- References
- 12 Investigations on the Influence of Strain Rate, Temperature and Reinforcement on Strength and Deformation Behavior of CrMnNi-Steels
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 High Strain Rate Deformation of Austenitic High-Alloy TRIP/TWIP Steel
- 12.2.1 Processing and Experimental Methods
- 12.2.2 Approaches to Rate-Dependent Constitutive Modeling
- 12.2.3 Microstructural Deformation Mechanisms at High Strain Rates
- 12.3 Honeycomb-Like Structures Made from TRIP-Steel and TRIP-Matrix-Composites
- 12.3.1 Deformation Behavior of Honeycomb-Like Structures
- 12.3.2 Selection of Cell Wall Materials
- 12.4 Conclusions
- References
- 13 Cyclic Deformation and Fatigue Behavior of Metastable Austenitic Steels and Steel-Matrix-Composites
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Methodology
- 13.2.1 Materials
- 13.2.2 Manufacturing Methods
- 13.2.3 Fatigue Testing
- 13.2.4 Analytical Methods
- 13.3 Influence of Chemical Composition on the Fatigue Behavior
- 13.3.1 Cyclic Deformation Behavior
- 13.3.2 Microstructure After Cyclic Deformation
- 13.3.3 Fatigue Life.
- 13.4 Influence of the Manufacturing Method on the Fatigue Behavior.