Long-Term Ecosystem Changes in Riparian Forests.
| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Singapore :
Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,
2020.
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| Edition: | 1st ed. |
| Series: | Ecological Research Monographs
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Click to View |
Table of Contents:
- Intro
- Preface
- Contents
- Part I: Introduction
- Chapter 1: The Ooyamazawa Riparian Forest: Introduction and Overview
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 History of Long-Term Research in the Ooyamazawa Riparian Forest
- 1.3 Site Description
- 1.4 Climate Characteristics in the Ooyamazawa Riparian Forest
- 1.4.1 Air Temperature
- 1.4.2 Relative Air Humidity
- 1.4.3 Precipitation
- 1.5 Geology, Topography, Natural Disturbances, and Soils
- 1.6 Vegetation
- 1.7 History of the Ground Design of the Research Plot
- References
- Part II: Life History and Regeneration Processes of Riparian Woody Species
- Chapter 2: Fraxinus platypoda
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Study Species
- 2.3 Reproductive Traits
- 2.3.1 Flower
- 2.3.2 Seed Production
- 2.4 Germination
- 2.5 Seedling Survival
- 2.6 Seedling Growth
- 2.7 Forest Structure and Spatial Distribution
- 2.8 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 3: Pterocarya rhoifolia
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Study Species
- 3.3 Reproductive Characteristics
- 3.4 Structure and Distribution
- 3.5 Seedling Regeneration
- 3.6 Sprouting Traits
- 3.7 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 4: Cercidiphyllum japonicum
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Study Species
- 4.3 Structure and Distribution
- 4.4 Reproductive Traits
- 4.4.1 Flower
- 4.4.2 Seed Production
- 4.5 Seedling Regeneration
- 4.5.1 Seedling Emergence
- 4.5.2 Seedling Survival
- 4.6 Sprouts
- 4.6.1 Structure of Multi-Stemmed Trunks
- 4.6.2 Self-Maintenance by Sprouting
- 4.6.3 Sprouting Traits of C. japonicum and C. magnificum
- 4.7 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 5: Acer Tree Species
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Study Species
- 5.3 Structure and Distribution
- 5.3.1 Abundance and Structure of Four Acer Species
- 5.3.2 Spatial Distribution of Four Acer Species
- 5.4 Sprouting Traits
- 5.5 Conclusion
- References.
- Part III: Diversity and Coexistence in Riparian Forests
- Chapter 6: Diversity of Herbaceous Plants in the Ooyamazawa Riparian Forest
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Comparison of Species Richness Among Different Deciduous Forest Corresponding to Slope Segment
- 6.3 Relationships Between Landforms and Life Type Composition in the Forest Floor Vegetation
- 6.4 How Do the Herbaceous Plants React to Micro-Ground Disturbance?
- 6.4.1 Three Different Perennial Plants
- 6.4.2 Micro-disturbance on Small Landslide Site in Lower Side Slope
- 6.4.3 Stem Elongation and Leaf Formation Pattern of Three Herbs
- 6.4.4 Adaptation to Micro-disturbance
- References
- Chapter 7: Coexistence of Tree Canopy Species
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Seed Production
- 7.3 Seedling Germination and Growth
- 7.3.1 Germination Sites
- 7.3.2 Seedling Shade Tolerance
- 7.3.3 Seedling Water Tolerance
- 7.4 Sprouting
- 7.5 Forest Structure
- 7.5.1 Size Structure
- 7.5.2 Spatial Distribution and Age Structure
- 7.6 Coexistence Mechanisms of the Three Species
- 7.7 Conclusion
- References
- Part IV: Ecosystem Changes in Riparian Forests
- Chapter 8: Changes in Vegetation in the Ooyamazawa Riparian Forest
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Increase in Sika Deer Population and the Change in the Structure of an Ooyamazawa Riparian Forest
- 8.3 Changes in Coverage and Number of Species Over 34 Years
- 8.4 Changes in Species Composition
- 8.5 Ecological Characteristics of Forest Floor Vegetation After Deer Impact
- 8.5.1 Toxic Plants
- 8.5.2 Small Herb Species that do not Increase in Plant Height
- 8.5.3 Perennial Herbs in Which the Aerial Portion Withers Until the Summer and Enters Yearly Dormancy at an Early Date
- 8.6 Conservation of Species Diversity Within the Forest Floor Vegetation
- References.
- Chapter 9: Temporal Changes in Browsing Damage by Sika Deer in a Natural Riparian Forest in Central Japan
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Ooyamazawa Riparian Forest
- 9.3 Increase in Deer Density Around Ooyamazawa
- 9.4 Temporal Changes in Browsing Damage
- 9.5 Species and Size Preferences, and Mortality
- 9.6 Resistance of Trees to Deer Browsing
- 9.7 Effective Management of Ooyamazawa
- References
- Chapter 10: Characteristics and Temporal Trends of a Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Community in Ooyamazawa Riparian Fo...
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Study Site and Methods
- 10.3 Carabid Community Diversity and Distinctness
- 10.4 Trends in Carabid Abundance and Biomass
- 10.5 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 11: Avifauna at Ooyamazawa: Decline of Birds that Forage in Bushy Understories
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Characteristics of Avifauna at Ooyamazawa
- 11.2.1 Effects of Topography and Climate on Bird Fauna
- 11.2.2 Effect of Stream Noise on Bird Fauna
- 11.3 Decrease of Bird Species that Feed in Bushes
- References
- Part V: Conclusion
- Chapter 12: General Conclusion
- 12.1 Research at Ooyamazawa Riparian Forest Research Site
- 12.2 Tree Life Histories and Dynamics
- 12.3 Plant Species Coexistence
- 12.4 Effects of Global Warming on Tree Reproduction
- 12.5 Sika Deer Browsing and Riparian Forest Ecosystems
- 12.5.1 Understory Vegetation and Tree Species
- 12.5.2 Avifauna
- 12.5.3 Ground Beetle Community
- 12.5.4 Cascade Effects of Sika Deer Browsing
- 12.6 Conservation of Riparian Forest Ecosystems
- 12.7 Future Directions
- References
- Index.