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YOUMARES 9 - the Oceans : Proceedings of the 2018 Conference for YOUng MArine RESearcher in Oldenburg, Germany.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Jungblut, Simon.
Other Authors: Liebich, Viola., Bode-Dalby, Maya.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2019.
Edition:1st ed.
Subjects:
Electronic books.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • About the Editors
  • 1: Science for the Future: The Use of Citizen Science in Marine Research and Conservation
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.1.1 The History of Citizen Science
  • 1.1.2 Marine Citizen Science
  • 1.1.3 Citizen Science as a Tool in Research and Conservation
  • 1.2 Methodology
  • 1.2.1 Project Selection
  • 1.3 Identified Trends Across Marine Citizen Science Projects
  • 1.3.1 Geographic Location
  • 1.3.1.1 Spatial Coverage
  • 1.3.1.2 Environmental Coverage
  • 1.3.2 Participant Demographics
  • 1.3.2.1 Participant Recruitment
  • 1.3.2.2 Participant Training
  • 1.3.3 Tasks Undertaken
  • 1.3.4 Data Directionality
  • 1.3.4.1 Data Quality
  • 1.3.4.2 Data Publication
  • 1.3.4.3 Policy Development
  • 1.3.4.4 Data Storage
  • 1.3.4.4.1 Species Distribution
  • 1.3.4.4.2 Invasive Non-Native Species
  • 1.3.4.4.3 Marine Debris
  • 1.3.4.4.4 Marine Protected Areas
  • 1.4 Challenges and Strengths of Marine Citizen Science
  • 1.4.1 Challenges
  • 1.4.1.1 Participant Motivation
  • 1.4.1.2 Data Concerns
  • 1.4.2 Strengths
  • 1.4.2.1 The Many Eyes Hypothesis
  • 1.4.2.2 Marine Stewardship
  • 1.5 Summary
  • Appendix
  • Supplementary Material
  • References
  • 2: A Literature Review on Stakeholder Participation in Coastal and Marine Fisheries
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Material and Methods
  • 2.3 Results
  • 2.3.1 Paper Review: Stakeholders
  • 2.3.1.1 Term Definition
  • 2.3.1.2 Stakeholder Analysis
  • 2.3.1.3 Stakeholder Types
  • 2.3.1.4 Relationships Between Stakeholder Types
  • 2.3.2 Paper Review: Participation
  • 2.3.2.1 Term Definition
  • 2.3.2.2 Participatory Tools
  • 2.3.2.3 Intention for Participation
  • 2.3.3 Reflection on the Joint Term Stakeholder and Participation
  • 2.4 Discussion
  • 2.4.1 Stakeholder.
  • 2.4.1.1 Term Definition and Stakeholder Analysis
  • 2.4.1.2 Stakeholder Clusters
  • 2.4.2 Participation
  • 2.4.2.1 Term Definition and Typologies
  • 2.5 Conclusion
  • Supplementary Material
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 3: Law and Policy Dimensions of Ocean Governance
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Ocean Governance: A Conceptual Development
  • 3.2.1 Historical Development
  • 3.2.2 The Concept of Ocean Governance
  • 3.2.3 Zonal and Sectoral Aspects to Ocean Governance
  • 3.3 Norms and Tools Pertaining to Ocean Governance
  • 3.3.1 Norms Pertinent to Ocean Governance
  • 3.3.2 Tools Pertinent to Ocean Governance
  • 3.4 Critical Discussion of Ocean Governance
  • 3.4.1 Neoliberalism and Property Rights as a Form of Ocean Governance
  • 3.4.1.1 The Case of Fisheries and Quota Management Systems
  • 3.4.1.2 The Case of Ocean Grabbing
  • 3.4.2 Communities and Indigenous People and Ocean Governance
  • 3.5 Overcoming the Obstacle: Cooperation to Address a Common Concern and the Importance of Marine Scientific Research
  • 3.6 Conclusion
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 4: Status of Marine Biodiversity in the Anthropocene
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Global Marine Species Diversity
  • 4.3 Trends in Marine Biodiversity Loss and its Consequences
  • 4.4 Looking Beyond Extinctions: Population Declines in the Marine Realm
  • 4.5 The Distribution of Anthropogenic Stressors in the Marine Environment
  • 4.6 Mitigating Local-Scale Anthropogenic Stressors on Marine Biodiversity
  • 4.7 Conclusions
  • Appendix
  • Supplementary Material A: Methods to Estimate Species Diversity
  • Early Attempts
  • Extrapolating Based on Past Rates of Species Discovery
  • Estimates Based on Expert Opinion
  • Supplementary Material B: Compilation of Threats Database
  • References.
  • 5: Challenges in Marine Restoration Ecology: How Techniques, Assessment Metrics, and Ecosystem Valuation Can Lead to Improved Restoration Success
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Habitat-Level Restoration
  • 5.2.1 Habitat-Level Restoration Techniques
  • 5.2.2 Selective Breeding to Increase Restoration Technique Success
  • 5.3 Measurements of Restoration Success
  • 5.3.1 Survival
  • 5.3.2 Ecosystem Services
  • 5.4 Ecosystem Services as a Method to Link Restoration to Socioeconomic Sciences
  • 5.5 Discussion
  • 5.6 Conclusion
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 6: Understanding How Microplastics Affect Marine Biota on the Cellular Level Is Important for Assessing Ecosystem Function: A Review
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Interactions of Different Organisms with Microplastics
  • 6.2.1 Microplastic Interaction with Aquatic Primary Producers
  • 6.2.2 Microplastic Interactions with Invertebrates
  • 6.2.3 Microplastic Interactions with Vertebrates
  • 6.3 The Physical Aspect: Consequences of Microplastic Uptake
  • 6.4 The Cellular Aspect: When Microplastic Particles Translocate into the Tissue
  • 6.4.1 Biomarkers Revealing the Effects of Microplastic on the Cellular Level
  • 6.5 The Chemical Aspect: Uptake of Leachates from Microplastics into the Body
  • 6.5.1 Leaching Additives and Persistent Organic Pollutants: The Real Threat?
  • 6.5.2 Microplastics as a Vector for Pathogens
  • 6.6 Trophic Cascade
  • 6.7 Microplastics and Human Health
  • 6.8 Research Gaps and Future Work
  • 6.9 Summary
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 7: Chemical Biodiversity and Bioactivities of Saponins in Echinodermata with an Emphasis on Sea Cucumbers (Holothuroidea)
  • 7.1 Marine Natural Products (MNPs)
  • 7.2 MNPs in Echinoderms
  • 7.2.1 Crinoids (Feather Stars and Sea Lilies)
  • 7.2.2 Asteroids (Sea Stars)
  • 7.2.3 Ophiuroids (Brittle Stars).
  • 7.2.4 Echinoids (Sea Urchins)
  • 7.2.5 Holothuroids (Sea Cucumbers)
  • 7.3 Saponins in Echinoderms
  • 7.3.1 Structural Diversity of Saponins in Holothuroids
  • 7.4 Discussion and Conclusions
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 8: Secondary Metabolites of Marine Microbes: From Natural Products Chemistry to Chemical Ecology
  • 8.1 Introduction: Definition of Secondary Metabolism
  • 8.2 Marine Natural Products Chemistry: The Ocean as a Rich and Versatile Habitat
  • 8.2.1 Marine Bacteria: Widely Distributed Producers of Promising Natural Products
  • 8.2.2 Marine Fungi: Bioprospecting the Future
  • 8.3 Marine Chemical Ecology: Predator-Prey Interactions and Competition
  • 8.3.1 Marine Invertebrate Larvae Settlement: Role of Secondary Metabolites
  • 8.3.2 Coral Larvae Settlement: Search for Novel Settlement Cues
  • 8.4 Conclusions
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 9: Sponges Revealed: A Synthesis of Their Overlooked Ecological Functions Within Aquatic Ecosystems
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Sponge Characteristics
  • 9.2.1 History and Phylogeny
  • 9.2.2 Morphology
  • 9.2.3 Diet
  • 9.2.4 Life History
  • 9.3 Sponges as Habitat Providers
  • 9.3.1 Tropical Habitat Providers
  • 9.3.2 Deep-Sea Habitat Providers
  • 9.3.3 Arctic Habitat Providers
  • 9.3.4 Habitat for Commercially Important Species
  • 9.4 Nutrient Cycling by Sponges
  • 9.4.1 Sponge Loop
  • 9.4.2 Carbon Cycling by Sponges
  • 9.4.3 Nitrogen Cycling by Sponges
  • 9.4.4 Phosphorous Cycling by Sponges
  • 9.5 Marine Natural Products from Sponges
  • 9.5.1 Introduction
  • 9.5.2 Potential for Exploitation
  • 9.5.3 Culturing of Sponges
  • 9.6 Conclusions
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 10: Theories, Vectors, and Computer Models: Marine Invasion Science in the Anthropocene
  • 10.1 Non-indigenous and Invasive Species
  • 10.2 Anthropogenic Vectors
  • 10.2.1 Vessel Fouling.
  • 10.2.2 Ballast Water
  • 10.2.3 Mariculture
  • 10.2.4 Static Maritime Structures
  • 10.2.5 Marine Litter
  • 10.2.6 Climate Change
  • 10.3 Forecasting
  • 10.3.1 Limitations of Models Through Knowledge Gaps
  • 10.3.2 Invasions and Niche Shifts
  • 10.3.3 Assessing Invasions
  • 10.4 Conclusions
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 11: Benthos-Pelagos Interconnectivity: Antarctic Shelf Examples
  • 11.1 Bentho-Pelagic or Pelago-Benthic Coupling? A Short Introduction
  • 11.1.1 Pelago-benthic Coupling
  • 11.1.2 Bentho-pelagic Coupling
  • 11.2 Regulating Factors of Benthic and Pelagic Processes
  • 11.2.1 Sea Ice
  • 11.2.2 Depth, Topography, Currents, and Wind
  • 11.2.3 Seasonality and Particle Flux
  • 11.2.3.1 Pelagic Realm
  • 11.2.3.2 Deposition and Resuspension
  • 11.2.3.3 Benthic Realm
  • 11.3 Regional Patterns in Coupling Processes
  • 11.3.1 West Antarctic Peninsula
  • 11.3.2 Eastern Weddell Sea Shelf
  • 11.3.3 The Changing Situation of Larsen
  • 11.4 Outlook
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 12: Investigating the Land-Sea Transition Zone
  • 12.1 Introduction
  • 12.2 The Hydrochemical Evolution of Coastal Fresh Groundwater: Using Barrier Island Freshwater Lenses as an Example
  • 12.3 Nutrients and Trace Metals in Subterranean Estuaries of Sandy Beach Sediments
  • 12.4 Dissolved Organic Matter in the Subterranean Estuary
  • 12.5 Microbial Community Composition of the Subterranean Estuary
  • 12.6 Radiotracers: A Useful Toolbox for Quantifying Rates and Fluxes
  • 12.6.1 Estimating Pore Water Residence Times
  • 12.6.2 Quantification of Submarine Groundwater Discharge
  • 12.7 Developing a New Type of Seepage Meter
  • 12.8 Outlook
  • Appendix
  • References
  • 13: Fisheries and Tourism: Social, Economic, and Ecological Trade-offs in Coral Reef Systems
  • 13.1 Context
  • 13.2 Ecosystem Services.
  • 13.3 Impacts and Trends of Fisheries and Tourism.

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