Poverty Reduction Support Credits : Mozambique Country Study
Mozambique acquired independence from Portugal in 1975. The new government adopted a policy of radical social change, with a command and control approach to economic management and a vast nationalization program. By the mid-1980s, the country was b...
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Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC: World Bank
2017
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Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/839251468057316561/Poverty-reduction-support-credits-Mozambique-country-study http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27916 |
Summary: | Mozambique acquired independence from
Portugal in 1975. The new government adopted a policy of
radical social change, with a command and control approach
to economic management and a vast nationalization program.
By the mid-1980s, the country was bankrupt, and the
government turned to the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
and the World Bank to help transform it into a market
economy. Since the early 1990s, Mozambique's Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate has been above 7 percent
in all but two years and has averaged 7.8 percent. Over the
same period, inflation has trended broadly downwards from 63
percent in 1994 to 8 percent in 2007. On the savings and
investment front, gross investment has averaged 26.4
percent, while domestic savings has been 8.2 percent, the
difference being made up for with foreign savings. Fiscal
policy has generally been well managed, with deficits
financed by external assistance. The government managed to
protect the 65 percent of primary expenditures going to
priority sectors. Public investment declined as a percentage
of GDP, as did private investment. Revenue collection
improved. Exports grew from 10.2 percent of GDP in 1991 to
38 percent in 2006. Over this period, a flexible exchange
rate policy has been followed. The national poverty rate was
69.4 percent in 1996-1997 and 54.1 percent in 2003.
Mozambique obtained considerable fast disbursing assistance
from the World Bank in the period 1984-2002. |
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