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EU-Turkey Relations : Theories, Institutions, and Policies.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Reiners, Wulf.
Other Authors: Turhan, Ebru.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.
Edition:1st ed.
Subjects:
Electronic books.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Notes on Contributors
  • Abbreviations
  • List of Figures
  • List of Tables
  • 1 Unpacking the New Complexities of EU-Turkey Relations: Merging Theories, Institutions, and Policies
  • 1.1 The New Complexities of EU-Turkey Relations
  • 1.2 Key Determinants and Milestones of EU-Turkey Relations
  • 1.2.1 Exogenous Determinants: Multilateral Frameworks and External Crises
  • 1.2.2 Endogenous Determinants: Internal EU and Turkish Domestic Developments
  • 1.2.3 Bilateral Determinants: Accession Process and Sectoral Cooperation
  • 1.3 A Three-Dimensional Approach to Advance EU-Turkey Studies
  • 1.4 Complementary and Competing Perspectives: Theories, Institutions, and Policies
  • References
  • Part I Theories and Concepts
  • 2 Neoliberalism, Liberal Intergovernmentalism and EU-Turkey Relations
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Neoliberalism: Core Assumptions and Departure Points
  • 2.3 Liberal Intergovernmentalism: A Three-Step Approach to European Integration
  • 2.3.1 Step One: State-Society Relations and the Formation of National Preferences
  • 2.3.2 Step Two: Interstate Bargaining
  • 2.3.3 Step Three: Institutional Formation
  • 2.4 EU-Turkey Relations Over Time: Testing LI Theory
  • 2.4.1 The 1963 Association Agreement
  • 2.4.2 Turkey's Membership Application and the Signing of the Customs Union
  • 2.4.3 Turkey's EU Accession Talks: A Difficult Case
  • 2.4.4 The EU-Turkey Trajectory Post-2005: Transactionalism in Action
  • 2.5 Conclusion
  • References
  • 3 Constructivist Approaches to EU-Turkey Relations
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Constructivism and EU-Turkey Relations
  • 3.3 The Constructivist Literature on EU-Turkey Relations: Navigating Through Change and Theoretical Differences
  • 3.3.1 1997-1999: Exclusion from the Enlargement Wave
  • 3.3.2 2000-2010: Rise of Membership Prospects and the Period of Convergence.
  • 3.3.3 2011-2020: Freezing of Accession Negotiations and the Period of Conflictual Cooperation
  • 3.4 Future of Constructivist Approaches to EU-Turkey Relations
  • References
  • 4 Historical Institutionalism and EU-Turkey Relations: Path Dependence and Critical Junctures in the Accession Process
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Historical Institutionalism
  • 4.2.1 The Role of Time in Political Science and International Relations
  • 4.2.2 New Institutionalism
  • 4.2.3 Stasis and Change
  • 4.2.4 Historical Institutionalism and Turkey's EU Accession Process
  • 4.3 Turkey's EU Accession Process: Stasis and Change Since 2005
  • 4.3.1 Vetoes
  • 4.3.2 The 'Positive Agenda'
  • 4.3.3 The Refugee Crisis
  • 4.3.4 Authoritarian Drift
  • 4.4 The Accession Process Goes on (and on?)
  • 4.5 Conclusions
  • References
  • 5 Europeanization and EU-Turkey Relations: Three Domains, Four Periods
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Europeanization Studies and the Research Agenda on Turkey
  • 5.3 Europeanization in Turkey: Four Phases
  • 5.3.1 Europeanization as Rapprochement (1959-1999)
  • 5.3.1.1 Polity: The European Economic Community as a Natural Extension of Western Organizations
  • 5.3.1.2 Policy: First Steps in EEC-Induced Policies
  • 5.3.1.3 Politics: 'Europe' as an Identity Marker in Turkish Politics
  • 5.3.2 Europeanization as Democratic Conditionality (2000-2005)
  • 5.3.2.1 Polity: Transformation of the Strong State Tradition
  • 5.3.2.2 Policy: Policy Reforms to Meet EU Accession Criteria
  • 5.3.2.3 Politics: Europe as Everybody's Project
  • 5.3.3 Europeanization as Retrenchment (2006-2011)
  • 5.3.3.1 Polity: Focus on State-Society Relations
  • 5.3.3.2 Policy: Selective Europeanization
  • 5.3.3.3 Politics: 'Europe' No Longer the Lingua Franca
  • 5.3.4 Europeanization as Denial (2012-2020)
  • 5.3.4.1 Polity: Customs Union and Migration at the Forefront.
  • 5.3.4.2 Policy: The Continuation of Selective Europeanization
  • 5.3.4.3 Politics: 'These Things Happen in Europe As Well'
  • 5.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • 6 Rhetorical Entrapment in EU-Turkey Relations
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Theory: Strategic Actors, Community Environments, and Rhetorical Action
  • 6.2.1 Rationalist Institutionalism and Enlargement
  • 6.2.2 Sociological Institutionalism and Enlargement
  • 6.2.3 Rhetorical Action and Enlargement
  • 6.2.4 Eastern Enlargement: The Original Context of the Rhetorical Action Argument
  • 6.3 Rhetorical Entrapment at Work: The Way to EU Membership Negotiations with Turkey
  • 6.3.1 A Hard Case
  • 6.3.2 From No to Yes on Turkish Candidate Status
  • 6.3.3 Rhetorical Entrapment and the Opening of Accession Negotiations
  • 6.4 Conclusions
  • References
  • 7 Differentiated Integration: An Alternative Conceptualization of EU-Turkey Relations
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 The Many Faces of Differentiation in European Integration and EU-Turkey Relations
  • 7.2.1 Defining the Concept of Differentiated Integration
  • 7.2.2 Concepts of Differentiation in Debates on EU-Turkey Relations
  • 7.3 Theoretical Considerations on the Explanatory Value of Differentiated Integration for EU-Turkey Relations
  • 7.4 The Variable Geometries of EU-Turkey Relations
  • 7.4.1 Accession: A Lost Cause for EU-Turkey Relations?
  • 7.4.2 Functional Cooperation: Differentiating the Picture of EU-Turkey Relations
  • 7.4.3 Intergovernmental Cooperation: The Outer Layer of the EU's Variable Geometries with Turkey
  • 7.5 Conclusions and Outlook on the Differentiated Future of EU-Turkey Relations
  • References
  • Part II Institutions
  • 8 The European Council as a Key Driver of EU-Turkey Relations: Central Functions, Internal Dynamics, and Evolving Preferences
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 EU-Turkey Relations: The Many Faces of the European Council.
  • 8.3 The European Council and Turkey's EU Accession Process: Far-Reaching Decisions, Unilateral Vetoes, and Growing Doubts
  • 8.3.1 The European Council's Rise as a Positive Driver of Turkey's Accession Process
  • 8.3.2 The European Council's Development from a Positive Driver to a Brakeman in Turkey's EU Path
  • 8.4 EU-Turkey Cooperation in Times of Crisis: An Ever-Growing Role or Challenge for the European Council?
  • 8.5 The European Council as the 'Agenda and Direction Setter' in EU-Turkey Relations: Competing Narratives on Turkey
  • 8.5.1 The Normative Narrative
  • 8.5.2 The Accession Narrative
  • 8.5.3 The Transactional Partnership Narrative
  • 8.5.4 The Conflict Narrative
  • 8.6 Conclusion and Outlook: A Key Institution's Ever-Evolving Role in a Conflictual Partnership
  • References
  • 9 The European Commission's Role in EU-Turkey Relations
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Fields of EC-Turkey Relations
  • 9.2.1 Accession Negotiations
  • 9.2.2 Trade Relations
  • 9.2.3 Refugee Management and Visa Liberalization Process
  • 9.2.4 High Level Dialogues
  • 9.3 The Commission as a Critical but Fair Supporter of Turkey's Accession Prospects
  • 9.4 The Commission as an Agent for Change in Turkey
  • 9.5 Conclusion
  • References
  • 10 The European Parliament's Perspective on EU-Turkey Relations
  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 EU-Turkey Relations and the European Parliament
  • 10.2.1 History and Formal Competencies
  • 10.2.2 Relevant Actors and Procedures in the European Parliament
  • 10.2.2.1 Members of the European Parliament
  • 10.2.2.2 The European Parliament's Delegation to the EU-Turkey Joint Parliamentary Committee
  • 10.2.2.3 Composition of the European Parliament Delegation
  • 10.2.2.4 Resolutions
  • 10.2.3 Methodology: VoteWatch as the Key to Assessing Power Dynamics in the European Parliament.
  • 10.2.4 Changes in Sentiment in EU-Turkey Relations? Parliamentary Voting Results from 2005 to 2019
  • 10.2.4.1 Decreasing Support for Turkey's Accession in the European Parliament
  • 10.2.4.2 Strategic Non-voters in the European Parliament
  • 10.2.5 Politicized Voting Behavior of Political Groups in the European Parliament
  • 10.3 Conclusions and Outlook
  • References
  • Part III Policies
  • 11 Turkey as a Special and (Almost) Dead Case of EU Enlargement Policy
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Concept, Motives, and Criteria of EU Enlargement
  • 11.3 Critical Questions for the EU with Regard to Turkey's Membership Application
  • 11.3.1 Europeanness
  • 11.3.2 Strategic Value
  • 11.3.3 Political Order, Democracy, and Political Culture
  • 11.3.4 Impact and Absorption Capacity
  • 11.4 Enlargement Doctrine and Management of Turkey's Accession Process
  • 11.4.1 Pre-stages: Association, Customs Union, Application for Membership and Candidate Status
  • 11.4.2 Framework for Negotiations
  • 11.4.3 Conduct of Negotiations
  • 11.5 Conclusion and Outlook
  • References
  • 12 The EU as an Anchor for Turkey's Macroeconomic and Trade Policy
  • 12.1 Introduction
  • 12.2 The EU and Turkey's Macroeconomic Reform Process: An Effective Anchor?
  • 12.2.1 From the 1980s to the Helsinki Summit
  • 12.2.2 Post-Helsinki Process: Rising Hope for EU Membership on the Eve of Accession Negotiations
  • 12.2.3 Backsliding in the Turkish Economy, Changing Macroeconomic Preferences, and the Weakening of the EU Anchor
  • 12.3 Trade Policy: The EU as an External (but Fading) Catalyst
  • 12.3.1 Credible Commitments Under EU Anchoring: Trade Policy and the Customs Union
  • 12.3.2 The Customs Union Under Changing Political and Global Circumstances
  • 12.3.3 Could a Modernized Customs Union Re-Anchor Turkey to Its EU Route?
  • 12.4 Conclusion
  • References.
  • 13 From Convergence to Divergence: The Compatibility of Turkish and EU Foreign Policy.

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