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Concepts, Frames and Cascades in Semantics, Cognition and Ontology.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Löbner, Sebastian.
Other Authors: Gamerschlag, Thomas., Kalenscher, Tobias., Schrenk, Markus., Zeevat, Henk.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.
Edition:1st ed.
Series:Language, Cognition, and Mind Series
Subjects:
Electronic books.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Introduction
  • 1 Cognitive Structures in Natural Language Semantics
  • 2 Cognitive Structures in Philosophy
  • 3 Cognitive Structures in Psychology
  • 4 Summaries
  • 4.1 Part I Pushing the Boundaries of Formal Semantics
  • 4.2 Part II Concept Theory
  • 4.3 Part III Conceptualizing Eventualities
  • 4.4 Part IV Prototypes and Probabilities
  • 4.5 Part V Cognition and Psychology
  • References
  • Pushing the Boundaries of Formal Semantics
  • A Compositional Pluralist Semantics for Extensional and Attitude Verbs
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Accounts of Truth-Conditional and Attitude Content
  • 2.1 The Relation Between Truth-Conditional and Attitude Content
  • 2.2 Attempts at (Re-)Connecting Truth-Conditional and Attitude Content
  • 2.3 Desiderata for an Account of Truth-Conditional and Attitude Content
  • 3 Integrated Semantics
  • 3.1 Centered Informational Situations
  • 3.2 The Integrated Content of Sentences
  • 3.3 The Interpretation of Proper Names
  • 4 The Compositional Interpretation of VPs
  • 5 Extensional and Attitude Verbs in IS
  • 5.1 The Interpretation of Extensional Verbs
  • 5.2 The Interpretation of Attitude Verbs
  • 5.3 Attitudinal Embeddings of Extensional Verbs
  • 6 Conclusion and Future Work
  • References
  • Counting Possible Configurations
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 The Problem with Configurations
  • 3 An Individual Concept Analysis
  • 4 Generalizing the Individual Concept Analysis
  • 4.1 Is Everything an Individual Concept?
  • 4.2 Coercion to Constituting Parts
  • 4.3 Joining and Counting Individual Concepts
  • 4.4 Collective and Cumulative Interpretations
  • 5 The Property Analysis
  • 6 Conclusion
  • References
  • Structure and Ontology in Nonlocal Readings of Adjectives
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Nonlocal Readings of Adjectives
  • 2.1 On `Occasional'
  • 2.2 Returning to `Average'
  • 2.3 Wrong.
  • 2.4 `Whole' and `Entire'
  • 2.5 Epistemic Adjectives
  • 2.6 Same and Different
  • 2.7 Modal Superlatives: `Possible' and Its Kin
  • 2.8 Miscellaneous Obscurities and Novelties
  • 3 Three Classes of Nonlocal Readings
  • 4 Some Background
  • 4.1 Incorporation
  • 4.2 Structure Versus Ontology: The First Step
  • 4.3 The Kind Analysis of `Occasional'
  • 5 The Modular Strategy
  • 5.1 Determiner-Like Adjectives
  • 5.2 Determiners That Work
  • 5.3 Determiners That Don't Work
  • 5.4 A Word About `Occasional'
  • 5.5 The Weak Quantifier Class
  • 5.6 Summary
  • 6 Taking Stock
  • 6.1 Could Things Be so Simple?
  • 6.2 Kinds and Concepts
  • 7 Final Remarks
  • References
  • Concept Theory
  • How Can Semantics Avoid the Troubles with the Analytic/Synthetic Distinction?
  • 1 Semantics and the Architecture of Cognition
  • 2 The Analytic/Synthetic Distinction and Semantic Theories
  • 2.1 Causatives
  • 2.2 Indeterminacy (or "Coercion")
  • 3 Alternative: Atomism and Inferences
  • 3.1 Back to Causatives
  • 3.2 Back to "Coercion"
  • 3.3 Conclusion: Atomic Concepts and Inferences
  • References
  • Linguistic Relativity and Flexibility of Mental Representations: Color Terms in a Frame Based Analysis
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Color Terms and Whorfianism: Some Coordinates
  • 2.1 Universalism, ``deep'' and ``shallow'' Whorfianism
  • Intertwined Issues
  • 2.2 ``Shallow'' Effects of Color labelling
  • 3 Frames and Representation of Colors
  • 4 Color Words and Flexible Use of Representations' Features
  • 5 A Brief Excursus into Another Conceptual Domain: Counting and Motor Representations
  • 6 Back on Colors: Stroop Task And Language-Perception Interface
  • 7 Conclusions and Open Questions
  • References
  • Implicatures and Naturalness
  • 1 Theoretical Background
  • 2 Input Data
  • 3 Building an Implicature Space
  • 4 Naturalness
  • 5 Concluding Remarks
  • References.
  • Perception, Types and Frames
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Types and Cognition
  • 3 Record Types and Frames
  • 4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Conceptualizing Eventualities
  • An XMG Account of Multiplicity of Meaning in Derivation
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Data and Analysis
  • 3 XMG Implementation
  • 4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Operationalizing the Role of Context in Language Variation: The Role of Perspective Alignment in the Spanish Imperfective Domain
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 On the Spanish Present-Progressive and Simple-Present Markers
  • 3 The Meaning of the Progressive and the Imperfective: A Communicative Perspective
  • 4 The Markers of the Spanish Progressive Are not in Free Variation: Implications
  • 5 Analysis: The Psychological Roots of Shared Perceptual Access
  • 6 Summary and Conclusions
  • References
  • A Frame-Based Analysis of Verbal Particles in Hungarian
  • 1 The Verbal Particle in Hungarian
  • 2 Scalar Analysis and Frame-Semantic Representation
  • 3 Semantic Analysis of Verbal Particles
  • 4 Semantic Composition and the Syntax-Semantics Interface
  • 5 Summary
  • References
  • On the Fictive Reading of German Steigen 'Climb, Rise': A Frame Account
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Previous Accounts of Fictive Motion
  • 3 The Four Major Readings of Steigen 'Climb, Rise, Step'
  • 4 Frame Analysis of Dynamic Steigen: Manner and Directional Reading
  • 4.1 Frames for Objects
  • 4.2 Steigenmm
  • 4.3 Steigendir
  • 5 Steigenfict: Admissible Modifiers and Subject Referents
  • 6 Frame Analysis of Steigenfict
  • 7 Steigenins
  • 8 Conclusion
  • References
  • Cascades. Goldman's Level-Generation, Multilevel Categorization of Action, and Multilevel Verb Semantics
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 The Intuitive Notion of "Level-Generation"
  • 1.2 The Structure of the Chapter
  • 2 Level-Generation: Doing Multiple Things in One.
  • 2.1 Preliminary: Act-Tokens, Act-Types, and Act-TTs
  • 2.2 Goldman's Theory of Act-Levels
  • 2.3 Critics of Goldman's Theory
  • 2.4 Goldman's Theory of Human Action Applied to Cognitive Representation
  • 2.5 Level-Generation and Augmentation Generation
  • 2.6 C-Constitution
  • 3 Cascades and Verb Classes
  • 3.1 Basic Versus Non-basic Act-Types
  • 3.2 Verbs of Basic and Non-basic Action
  • 3.3 Criterion Predicates
  • 3.4 Means of Explicit Level-Generation
  • 3.5 Implicit Level-Generation
  • 4 Cascades and Frames
  • 4.1 Barsalou Frames
  • 4.2 Cascades in Frame Theory
  • 5 The Writing Cascade
  • 5.1 Austin's Speech Act Cascade
  • 5.2 The Cascade Structure of Writing by Hand
  • 5.3 Types of Products and Levels of Manner Modification
  • 5.4 Agencies at Cascade Levels
  • 5.5 Objects at Cascade Levels
  • 5.6 A Multitrack Notion of C-Constitution
  • 6 Reference and Composition
  • 6.1 Meaning and Reference of the Verb Write
  • 6.2 Cascades and Composition
  • 7 Conclusion: Cascades in Cognition, Semantics, and Life
  • References
  • Prototypes and Probabilities
  • Modification and Default Inheritance
  • 1 Prototype Compositionality and Modification
  • 2 An Extended Modification Model
  • 3 Experimental Data
  • 3.1 Constraint Influences in the Data of Connolly et al. (ch14Connollyetal2007)
  • 3.2 Experiments
  • 4 Conclusion
  • References
  • A Frame-Theoretic Model of Bayesian Category Learning
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Weighted Bayesian Models of Categorisation
  • 3 Frames
  • 3.1 Challenges and Future Developments
  • 4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Extremes are Typical. A Game Theoretical Derivation
  • 1 Typicality: Prototypes Versus Stereotypes
  • 2 Typicality and Structured Meaning Spaces
  • 3 Extremes and Iterated Best Response
  • 4 Conclusion and Outlook
  • References
  • Grading Similarity
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Similarity Demonstratives.
  • 3 Three Types of Similarity Expressions
  • 4 Gradability of ähnlich/similar
  • 4.1 What Does It Mean to Be More Similar?
  • 4.2 Gradability and Granularity
  • 5 Conclusion
  • Appendix: Granularity in Multi-dimensional Attribute Spaces
  • Domains and Representations
  • Indiscernibility
  • Granularity and Gradability
  • References
  • Cognition and Psychology
  • Escitalopram Restores Reversal Learning Impairments in Rats with Lesions of Orbital Frontal Cortex
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 How Is Behavioural Flexibility Measured and Cognitive Flexibility Inferred?
  • 2 Methods
  • 2.1 Animals
  • 2.2 Apparatus
  • 2.3 Surgery
  • 2.4 Experiment 1: The Effects of Escitalopram on Reversal Learning
  • 2.5 Experiment 2: Fos Activity After 1 mg/kg Escitalopram
  • 3 Results
  • 3.1 Experiment 1
  • 3.2 Experiment 2
  • 4 Discussion
  • 4.1 Reversal Learning
  • 4.2 The Effects of OFC Lesions on Reversal Learning
  • 4.3 The Effects of Escitalopram on Reversal Learning
  • 4.4 Fos Activity
  • References
  • Rat Ultrasonic Vocalizations as Social Reinforcers-Implications for a Multilevel Model of the Cognitive Representation of Action and Rats' Social World
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Methods
  • 2.1 Subjects
  • 2.2 Experimental Setup
  • 2.3 Acoustic Stimuli
  • 2.4 Task Design
  • 2.5 Data Analysis
  • 3 Results
  • 4 Discussion
  • 5 A Cognitive Perspective: Acting at Multiple Levels
  • 5.1 Goldman's Multilevel Theory of Human Action
  • 5.2 Cascades and Learning
  • 5.3 Applying Cascade Theory to Rat Behavior in the Experiments Reported
  • 5.4 Psychological Commitments of the Cascade Approach
  • 5.5 What Can the Cascade Approach Buy Us?
  • 6 Conclusions
  • References
  • Influence of Manner Adverbs on Action Verb Processing
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Experiment 1
  • 2.1 Methods
  • 2.2 Results
  • 3 Experiment 2
  • 3.1 Methods
  • 3.2 Results
  • 3.3 Discussion
  • References.
  • When Mechanical Computations Explain Better.

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