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Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Bonanthaya, Krishnamurthy.
Other Authors: Panneerselvam, Elavenil., Manuel, Suvy., Kumar, Vinay V., Rai, Anshul.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Singapore : Springer, 2021.
Edition:1st ed.
Subjects:
Electronic books.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • List of Videos
  • Chapter Contributors and Video Contributors
  • Contributors
  • Video Contributors
  • About the Editors
  • Part I: Introduction
  • 1: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in India: How Did We Get Here and Where Are We Going?
  • 1.1 History of Our Missions and Our Challenges
  • 1.2 Expertise, Familiarity, and Competence
  • 1.3 Predicting the Future
  • References
  • Part II: Preoperative Assessment and Patient Preparation/Optimization
  • 2: Preoperative Evaluation and Investigations for Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Preoperative Evaluation
  • 2.3 Laboratory Investigations
  • 2.4 Preanesthetic Evaluation
  • 2.5 Aspects of Evaluation Unique to Anesthesia
  • 2.6 Assessment of the Pediatric Patient
  • 2.7 Assessment of the Elderly Patient
  • 2.8 Specialist Consultation and Work-up
  • 2.9 The Process of Risk Assessment
  • 2.10 Risk Reduction Strategies
  • 2.10.1 Premedication [4]
  • 2.10.2 Fasting Guidelines
  • 2.10.3 Perioperative Beta-Blocker Therapy
  • 2.10.4 PONV Prophylaxis [47]
  • 2.10.5 Plan for Postoperative Analgesia [51]
  • 2.11 Preoperative Decision Making and Obtaining Informed Consent: The Team Concept [53]
  • 2.12 Conclusion
  • References
  • 3: Management of Medical Comorbidities in Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Changing Demographics in India
  • 3.3 Lifestyle Changes in India
  • 3.4 The Changing Face of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 3.4.1 Medical History and India
  • 3.5 Cardiovascular System
  • 3.5.1 Hypertension
  • 3.5.1.1 Minor Oral Surgery
  • 3.5.1.2 Major Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 3.5.1.3 Vasoconstrictors and Hypertension
  • 3.5.2 Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD)
  • 3.5.2.1 Minor Oral Surgery
  • 3.5.2.2 Major Surgery
  • 3.5.3 Postintervention Cardiac Patients.
  • 3.5.3.1 Percutaneous Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) and Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) and Valve Replacement Procedures
  • 3.5.4 Conventional Antiplatelets, Anticoagulants, and Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOAC)
  • 3.5.4.1 Minor Dentoalveolar Surgery: Antiplatelets
  • 3.5.4.2 Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 3.5.4.3 Bridging with Heparin
  • 3.5.4.4 Anticoagulants and Oral/Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 3.5.4.5 Minor Oral Surgery
  • 3.5.4.6 Major Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 3.5.5 Infective Endocarditis Prophylaxis
  • 3.5.6 Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICD)
  • 3.5.6.1 Implications
  • 3.6 Impact of Central Nervous System Disorders in Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 3.6.1 Epilepsy
  • 3.6.1.1 Basic considerations
  • 3.6.1.2 Outpatient maxillofacial considerations
  • 3.6.1.3 Major Surgical Considerations
  • 3.6.1.4 Precautions, complications, &amp
  • management
  • 3.6.1.5 Management of an acute episode on the dental chair
  • 3.6.2 Stroke
  • 3.6.2.1 Basic Considerations
  • 3.6.2.2 Maxillofacial considerations
  • 3.6.2.3 Precautions
  • 3.7 Impact of Psychiatric Disorders in Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 3.7.1 Maxillofacial Considerations
  • 3.8 Dental and Maxillofacial Implications in Liver Disease
  • 3.8.1 Introduction
  • 3.8.1.1 The Function of the Liver [36]
  • 3.8.2 Classification of Liver Dysfunctions [35]
  • 3.8.2.1 Viral Hepatitis
  • 3.8.2.2 Autoimmune Hepatitis
  • 3.8.2.3 Fulminant Hepatitis
  • 3.8.2.4 Cirrhosis
  • 3.8.2.5 Hepatocellular Carcinoma
  • 3.8.2.6 Alcoholic Liver Disease
  • 3.8.3 Oral Manifestations of Liver Disease
  • 3.8.4 Implications of Liver Disease
  • 3.8.4.1 Liver Disease and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 3.9 Maxillofacial Implications in GI Disorders
  • 3.9.1 Perioperative Maxillofacial Implications
  • 3.9.1.1 GERD
  • 3.9.1.2 Peptic Ulcers
  • 3.9.1.3 Ulcerative Colitis
  • 3.10 Pregnancy
  • 3.10.1 Physiologic Changes.
  • 3.10.2 Treatment Protocol
  • 3.10.2.1 Minor Surgery
  • 3.10.2.2 Dental Radiology
  • 3.10.2.3 Major Surgery
  • 3.10.3 Drug Usage in Pregnancy
  • 3.11 Endocrine Disorders
  • 3.11.1 Diabetes
  • 3.11.1.1 Management of Patients Undergoing Procedures
  • 3.11.1.2 Preoperative Glycemic Control in patients on Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
  • 3.11.1.2.1 Minor surgery
  • 3.11.1.2.2 Major surgery
  • 3.11.1.3 Preoperative Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetics on Insulin
  • 3.11.1.4 Preoperative Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetics on Insulin
  • 3.11.1.4.1 Minor surgery:
  • 3.11.1.4.2 Major surgery:
  • 3.11.1.4.3 Intraoperative glycemic control:
  • 3.11.1.4.4 Postoperative glycemic control:
  • 3.11.2 Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
  • 3.11.2.1 Hypothyroidism
  • 3.11.2.1.1 Physiologic Challenges
  • 3.11.2.1.2 Management
  • 3.11.2.2 Hyperthyroidism
  • 3.11.3 Adrenal Gland Disorders
  • 3.11.3.1 Primary Adrenocortical Hypofunction
  • 3.11.3.2 Secondary Adrenocortical Insufficiency
  • 3.11.4 Renal Disorders
  • 3.11.4.1 Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
  • 3.11.4.2 Chronic Renal Failure (CRF)
  • 3.12 Patients with Non-head and Neck Malignancies
  • 3.12.1 Introduction
  • 3.12.2 Treatment Protocol
  • 3.12.2.1 Chemotherapy
  • 3.12.2.2 Radiotherapy
  • 3.12.3 Prevention and Treatment of Osteonecrosis After Chemotherapy and Radiation
  • References
  • 4: Medical Emergencies in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Practice
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Acute Asthmatic Attack
  • 4.2.1 Life-Threatening Acute Asthma
  • 4.3 Acute Adrenal Insufficiency/Adrenal Crisis/Steroid Crisis/Addisonian Crisis
  • 4.4 Airway Obstruction
  • 4.5 Anaphylaxis
  • 4.6 Chest Pain
  • 4.6.1 Angina
  • 4.6.2 Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)
  • 4.7 Cardiac Arrest
  • 4.8 Hypoglycemia
  • 4.9 Grand Mal Seizures
  • 4.10 Syncope
  • 4.11 Other Causes of Loss of Consciousness
  • 4.12 Conclusion
  • References.
  • Part III: Anesthesia for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 5: Local Anesthesia in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.1.1 Historical Background
  • 5.1.2 Definition
  • 5.1.3 Ideal Characteristic of Local Anesthesia
  • 5.2 Classification (Tables 5.1 and 5.2)
  • 5.3 Local Anesthetic Agents
  • 5.3.1 Lidocaine (Lignocaine)
  • 5.3.2 Bupivacaine
  • 5.3.3 Articaine
  • 5.4 Vasoconstrictors
  • 5.4.1 Dilution of Vasoconstrictor
  • 5.5 Causes of Failure of LA
  • 5.6 LA Toxicity and Antidote for Toxicity
  • 5.6.1 Reversal of Cardiomyotoxicity
  • 5.7 Reversal of Soft-Tissue Anesthesia
  • 5.8 Plain Local Anesthetic (Without Epinephrine)
  • 5.9 Topical Local Anesthetic Agent
  • 5.10 Surface Anesthesia
  • 5.11 Methods of Local Anesthetic Administration
  • 5.11.1 Percentage of Blood Vessel Penetration During IANB
  • 5.11.2 Controversy in the Use of Bilateral IANB and Lingual Nerve Block [17]
  • 5.12 Techniques
  • 5.12.1 Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (Also Known as Mandibular Nerve Block) [Along with Lingual &amp
  • Long Buccal Nerve Blocks]
  • 5.12.2 Technique
  • 5.12.3 Areas Anesthetized by This Block
  • 5.12.4 Signs and Symptoms of Anesthesia
  • 5.12.5 Complications (Table 5.6)
  • 5.12.5.1 Failure to Obtain Anesthesia
  • 5.12.5.2 Hematoma Formation
  • 5.12.5.3 Transient Facial Nerve Palsy
  • 5.12.5.4 Trismus
  • 5.12.5.5 Accidental Breakage of the Needle
  • 5.13 Vazirani-Akinosi (VA) Versus Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block
  • 5.13.1 Indications for VA [24]
  • 5.13.2 Akinosi-Vazirani Technique (Closed-Mouth Technique)
  • 5.13.3 Technique
  • 5.14 Mental/Incisive Nerve Block
  • 5.14.1 Technique
  • 5.14.2 Areas Anesthetized
  • 5.14.3 Signs and Symptoms
  • 5.15 Nerve Blocks in the Maxilla
  • 5.15.1 Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block Technique
  • 5.15.1.1 Areas Anesthetized
  • 5.15.1.2 Signs and Symptoms.
  • 5.15.2 Infraorbital Nerve Block [Also Anterior and Middle Superior Nerve Blocks]
  • 5.15.2.1 Technique
  • 5.15.2.2 Areas Anesthetized
  • 5.15.2.3 Signs and Symptoms of Anesthesia
  • 5.15.3 Palatal Anesthesia
  • 5.15.3.1 Greater Palatine Nerve Block
  • 5.15.3.2 Nasopalatine Nerve Block
  • 5.16 Regional Blocks in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • 5.16.1 Maxillary Nerve Block
  • 5.16.2 Mandibular Nerve Block
  • 5.16.3 Greater Auricular Nerve Block
  • 5.16.4 Glossopharyngeal Nerve Block
  • 5.16.5 Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block
  • 5.17 Recent Advances in Local Anesthesia
  • 5.17.1 Vibrotactile Devices
  • 5.17.1.1 Vibraject [38]
  • 5.17.1.2 Dental Vibe [39]
  • 5.17.1.3 Accupal
  • 5.17.2 C-CLAD (Computer-Controlled Local Anesthetic Delivery)
  • 5.17.3 Compu-Flo
  • 5.17.4 STA-single tooth anesthesia
  • 5.17.5 Jet Injection
  • 5.17.6 MED-JET H III
  • 5.17.7 Safety Dental Syringes [43]
  • 5.17.8 Devices for Intraosseous Anesthesia [44]
  • 5.18 Conclusion
  • References
  • 6: Office-Based Anesthesia in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery-The American Model and Training
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Brief History of Anesthesia in OMS
  • 6.3 The Anesthesia Team
  • 6.4 AAOMS Office Anesthesia Guidelines
  • 6.5 Office Requirements
  • 6.6 Record Keeping
  • 6.7 Office Anesthesia Evaluation Program and Parameters of Care
  • 6.8 AAOMS National Simulation Program
  • 6.9 Dental Anesthesia Assistant National Certification Examination (DAANCE)
  • 6.10 Anesthesia Training during OMS Residency
  • 6.11 Preanesthetic Evaluation of the Patient
  • 6.12 Monitoring
  • 6.12.1 Methods for Monitoring Ventilation
  • 6.13 Airway Armamentarium
  • 6.14 Oxygen and Supplemental Gas Delivery System
  • 6.15 Suction Equipment
  • 6.16 Recovery Room
  • 6.17 Techniques in Anesthesia
  • 6.17.1 Enteral Anesthesia.
  • 6.17.2 Parenteral Anesthesia: Intravenous Anesthesia and Inhalational Anesthesia.

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